Nursing Research Review Flashcards
Prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs (diet, exercise, gun locks, seatbelt, bike helmets, education eating well, OSHA, EPA, build youth center, habitat for humanity, aspirin who have risk , not smoking, immunizations)
Primary prevention
Reduce the impact of a disease by detecting or treating the disease to halt or slow progress (regular exams, screening tests, (paps, cbc, cage, interview for depression or sex partners, test for hep C) low dose aspirins exercise to prevent further attacks, modify work so injured people can work safely
Secondary prevention
Soften the impact of ongoing illness or injury lasting effects, manage long term effects of chronic illness/permanent impairments (cardiac stroke rehab, diabetes, depression, arthritis, support groups, vocational rehab
Tertiary prevention
Subjects in an experiment who do not receive treatment
Control group
Studies done in the present to the future data obtained in present
and periodically measured in the future
Prospective study
Ex post facto studies done on events that have already occurred(chart reviews, recall of events
Retrospective study
Long term study that follows same group or subjects over many years to observe measure and compare same variables over time
Longitudinal study
Framingham Heart study followed group to monitor CVD
Longitudinal study e.g.
Group individuals share common characteristics such as gender job, ethnicity, studying causative factors or risk factors
Cohort study
Ex study of nurse’s long term who taken oral contraceptives
Cohort study e.g.
Compares differences and similarities between two or more groups of people or phenomena and collects data at one point in time
Cross sectional study
Use randomization with subject selection
Experimental study
Search for relationship between minimum
of two variables
Correlational studies (observational)
Used in quantitative studies
Deductive logic
Used in qualitative studies
Inductive
