Liek Flashcards
Systematic reviews offer the highest level of evidence
Meta-analyses
Used to investigate risk factors and causes of disease.
example of a cohort study is the Framingham Study
Cohort study
The lowest form of evidence
Randomized controlled trial
Have additional protections as human subjects, they are prisoners, pregnant women, fetuses and children and those with intellectual disability
Vulnerable populations
Have additional protections as human subjects, they are prisoners, pregnant women, fetuses and children and those with intellectual disability
Vulnerable populations
Involves methods to avoid occurrence of disease in the general population.
Primary prevention
Involves screening, diagnosis, and treatment of existing disease in early stages before it causes significant morbidity.
Secondary prevention
Involves methods to reduce the negative impact of an existing disease by restoring function and reducing disease-related complications.
Tertiary prevention
Screening is not currently recommended for the general population.
Lung cancer
Believe that illness is punishment by the spirits for wrong actions or from failure to follow spiritual rules.
Native Americans
Shamans “cure” the illness by performing rituals and using herbal medicines.
Native Americans
Medicine pouches that are tied to the patient by a string are believed to help cure the illness.
Native Americans
Do not remove such pouches without the patient’s (or parent’s) permission.
Native Americans
Indicates a diseased or affected female.
Filled-in circle
Indicates a healthy female.
Empty circle
Uses an intervention the human subjects are recruited by convenience and not at random (as in an experimental study).
Quasi-experimental design
Symbol is N
“total population”
Symbol is n
“subpopulation”
Will cover claims only if the NP is still enrolled with the same insurance company at the time the claim is filed in court.
Claims-based malpractice insurance
Will cover a lawsuit in the future even if you no longer carry the policy so long as you had an active policy during the alleged incident.
Occurrence-type malpractice insurance
It is the systematic organizational process used to identify risky practices to minimize adverse patient outcomes and corporate liability
Risk management
Modified or partial physical exam
Muslim woman
Do not accept blood transfusions (including autologous) but some may accept blood components without RBCs (cryoprecipitate, immunoglobins, etc.).
Jehovah’s Witnesses
Prolonged direct eye contact with males or strangers is considered rude by some cultures
Asians, female Muslim
