Nursing models Flashcards
What is the medical model?
Patient is seen as an anatomical and physiological system
Disease orientated approach to patient without being tailored to an individual
What is the nursing process?
Deliver nursing care in a systematic approach
What are the stages of the nursing process?
Assessment- information gathering including history and information needed for hospital stay
Diagnosis- vet makes judgement about disease and nurse makes judgement about how to nurse
Planning- plan based on diagnosis, solve problem and prevent potential problems, make as comfortable as possible
Intervention- putting what planned into action, clearly record decision and why
Evaluation- check if any benefit has been made and whether any adaptations need to be made
Why are nursing models used?
Provide framework for caring for an individual
Logical and allows adaptation to meet specific requirements
Give consistency of care
Describe orems model
Human model focused on patient being initiative and active in care with nurse only being active when patient cant meet 8 needs them selves
Interventions focus on how patient can achieve needs
What are the 8 human needs in the orem model?
Sufficient air Sufficient food Sufficient water Satisfactory elimination functions Activity and rest balance Balance of solitude and socialisation Prevention of hazards to life, functioning and wellbeing Promotion of functioning and development in social groups in accordance to human potentials, limitations and desire for normalcy
What life stages does orems model apply to?
Interuterine life, birth, neonatal life Infancy Childhood Adolescence Early adulthood Progressive stages of adulthood Pregnancy
Describe the RLT model
Assesses patients relative independence and potential for independence of daily living
Developed by human nurses to look at whole patient not just the disease
What is assessed in the RTL model?
Abilities of living Lifespan Individualities of living Dependence/independence continuum Factors influencing activities of living
What are the abilities of living in the RLT model?
Maintaining safe environment Communicating Breathing Eating and drinking Eliminating Dressing and cleansing Controlling body temperature Mobilising Working and playing Expressing sexuality Sleeping Dying
What lifespans are observed in the RLT model?
Infant Adolescent Adulthood Geriatric Need prior knowledge of each species life stages and how they vary between species
What is meant by individuality of living in RLT model?
How patients carry out activities of living differently
What is the purpose of the dependence/independence continuum in the RLT model?
Acknowledge that over time patients ability to carry out activities of life varies
What factors influence activities of living regarding the RLT model?
Biological Psychological Sociocultural Environmental Politico economic
What is the ability model?
Inspired by RLT model but structured around animals abilities
