Nursing Interventions Flashcards
3rd step in the nutrition care process
nutrition intervention
specific actions used to remedy a nutrition problem and can be used with individuals, a group, or the community at large
nutrition intervention
nutrition interventions should be based from (2)
signs and symptoms
what are the components of nutrition intervention
planning and implementation
involves prioritizing the nutrition diagnosis based on the severity of the problem, safety, patient/client/group’s needs
planning
refers to the desired changes to be achieved over time as a result of nutrition
expected outcomes
planning (5)
- determines patient-focused expected outcomes
- define intervention plan
- select specific intervention strategies that are focused on the etiology of the problem and that are known to be effective based on best current knowledge and evidence
- define time and frequency of care including intensity, duration, and follow up
- identify resources and referrals needed
ACTION PHASE which includes carrying out and communicating the plan of care, continuing the data collection (to BHWs, BHERT)
implementation
revises the nutrition intervention, as warranted, based on the patienf/client response
implementation
nutrition intervention is always aimed at the _____
etiology
cause of the nutrition diagnosis/problem identified in the PES statement
etiology (E)
direct use of essential nutrients (vitamins, minerals, PUFA Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, amino acids) or its bioavailability and absorption of food nutrients
food and nutrient delivery
intake of food via the GI tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach, and intestines)
enteral nutrition
may mean nutrition taken through the mouth or through a tube that goes directly to the stomach or small intestine
enteral nutrition
in the medical setting, the term enteral feeding is most used to mean ______
tube feeding
this is preferred when the gut is working normally to absorb food nutrients
enteral nutrition
fine and minced
osteorite
feeding through central and peripheral vein
parenteral nutrition
indications of enteral nutrition (1 eg)
Injury that prevents eating a regular diet by mouth to provide nutrition with artificial food which is specially formulated to provide right balance
first part of the small intestine
duodenum
inserted through the abdominal wall and into stomach
PEG
tube inserted from nose to stomach
NGT
delivered into gut by tube is where nutrition cannot be taken normally by mouth, but the gut is otherwise working
enteral nutrition
designed for adults and children who have normal digestion
Standard Formula (whole protein)
nutritionally complete, which means they contain nutrients needed
Peptide Formula (semi-elemental)
for adults and children with special nutritional needs, such as diabetes, kidney failure, respiratory disease
Specialized Formulas
can be eaten or drunk in addition to any food or drink that the patients may be able to manage
nutritional products
a tube inserted down into the nose until it reaches the duodenum
nasoduodenal tube NDT
a tube inserted down into the nose until it reaches the jejunum (second part of the small intestine
nasojejunal tube NJT
a possible complication of enteral feeding which happens when food goes into the lungs
aspiration
a possible complication of enteral feeding wherein dangerous electrolyte imbalance may occur in people who are very malnourished and start receiving enteral feeds
refeeding syndrome
may result from feeds that are too large or fast, or from slowed emptying of the stomach
nausea and vomiting
a possible complication of enteral feeding due to liquid diet or possibly medications
diarrhea
a possible complication of enteral feeding that occurs if the tube is not flushed properly
tube blockage
other possible complications of enteral feeding 3
Infection of the tube or insertion site (PEG)
Skin Irritation- at the tube insertion site (PEG)
Tube Dislodgement
Skin Irritation- at the tube insertion site (PEG) can be cured by
saline and petroleum jelly
nutrition delivered into the pt’s bloodstream, bypassing the gut
parenteral nutrition
parenteral nutrition is normally given into a _____
large vein near the heart through a central venous line placed into the upper arm, chest, or neck
4 indications of parenteral nutrition
blockage of the gut (obstruction) or gut fails to work (ileum)
perforations of the gut where feeding will result in worsening infections
where a large part of the gut has been removed and the patient cannot absorb enough food (short bowel syndrome)
severe malnutrition, significant weight loss or hypoproteinaemia when enteral therapy is not possible
a standard TPN formula was derived as
4.25% amino acid, 15% dextrose, 20% fat emulsion
sterile liquid chemical formula given directly in the bloodstream through IV catheter (needle in the vein)
TPN total parenteral nutrition
