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Nursing Fundamentals > Nursing Fundamentals Week 2 Terms > Flashcards

Nursing Fundamentals Week 2 Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Aerobic

A

living, active, or occurring only in the presence of oxygen

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2
Q

Afebrile

A

without fever

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3
Q

Alopecia

A

partial or complete loss of hair; baldness

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4
Q

Anaerobic

A

living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of oxygen

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5
Q

Antipyretics

A

Substance or procedure that reduces fever

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6
Q

Asepsis

A

Absence of germs or microorganisms

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7
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slower than normal heart rate; heart contracts fewer than 60 times per minute

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8
Q

Capnography

A

End-tidal CO2 monitoring, it provides instant information about how effectively CO2 is eliminated by the pulmonary system, how effectively it is transported through the vascular system, and how effectively CO2 is produced by cellular metabolism. Measured near the end of exhalation

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9
Q

Caries

A

Decay and crumbling of a tooth or bone caused by a complex interaction of food, especially starches and sugars, with bacteria that form dental plaque

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10
Q

Cheilitis

A

Acute or chronic inflammation of the lips

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11
Q

Colonization

A

Presence and multiplication of microorganisms without tissue invasion or damage

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12
Q

Complete Bed Bath

A

Bath in which the entire body of a patient is washed in bed

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13
Q

Conduction

A

The movement of something such as heat or electricity through a objects

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14
Q

Convection

A

The heat transfer takes within the fluid

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15
Q

Core Temperature

A

Temperature of deep structures of the body

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16
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Secretion of sweat, especially profuse secretion associated with an elevated body temperature, physical exertion, or emotional stress

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17
Q

Disinfection

A

Process of destroying all pathogenic organisms except spores

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18
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Deviation from the normal pattern of the heartbeat

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19
Q

Edentulous

A

Lacking teeth

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20
Q

Effleurage

A

A form of massage involving a circular stroking movement made with the palm of the hand

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21
Q

Endogenous infection

A

Infections produced within a cell or organism

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22
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal respirations that are quiet, effortless, and rhythmical

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23
Q

Evaporation

A

Liquid turns into gas

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24
Q

Exogenous infection

A

Infection originating outside an organ or part

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25
Q

Febrile

A

Pertaining to or characterized by an elevated body temperature

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26
Q

Frostbite

A

an injury caused by freezing of the skin and underlying tissues

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27
Q

FUO

A

Fever of unknown origin; at or above 101F for 3 weeks or more

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28
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gums

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29
Q

Glossitis

A

tongue is swollen and inflamed

30
Q

Halitosis

A

Bad breath

31
Q

Hand Hygiene

A

act of cleaning one’s hands with soap or alcohol-based gel

32
Q

Healthcare associated infections

A

Infections people get while they are receiving health care for another condition

33
Q

Heat exhaustion

A

Abnormal condition caused by depletion of body fluid and electrolytes resulting from exposure to intense heat or the inability to acclimatize to heat

34
Q

Heat stroke

A

Continued exposure to extreme heat that raises the core body temperature to 105F (40.5C) or higher

35
Q

Hyperthermia

A

Situation in which body temperature exceeds the set point

36
Q

Hypothermia

A

Abnormal lowering of body temperature below 95F (35C), usually caused by prolonged exposure to cold

37
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Arterial blood oxygen level less than 60 mmHg; low oxygen level in the blood

38
Q

Iatrogenic Infections

A

Infection after medical or surgical management, whether or not the patient was hospitalized

39
Q

Immunocompromised

A

weakened immune system

40
Q

Infection

A

Invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms that reproduce and multiply

41
Q

Invasive

A

Tending to spread prolifically and undesirably or harmfully

42
Q

Localized

A

Particular place or part of the body

43
Q

Malignant Hyperthermia

A

Autosomal-dominant trait characterized by often fatal hyperthermia in affected people exposed to certain anesthetic agents

44
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

Procedures used to reduce the number of microorganisms and prevent their spread

45
Q

Multidrug-resistant organisms

A

Bacteria that have become resistant to certain antibiotics and these antibiotics can no longer be used to control or kill the bacteria

46
Q

Nonshivering thermogenesis

A

Occurs primarily in neonates. Because neonates cannot shiver, a limited amount of vascular brown adipose tissue present at birth can be metabolized for heat production

47
Q

Oxygen saturation

A

Amount of hemoglobin fully saturated with oxygen, given as a percent value

48
Q

Pathogens

A

Microorganism capable of producing disease

49
Q

Partial bed bath

A

Bath in which body parts that might cause the patient discomfort if left unbathed (ex. face, hands, axillary areas, back and perineum) are washed in bed

50
Q

Pediculosis capitis

A

Infestation of the hair and scalp by head lice

51
Q

Perineal Care

A

Procedure prescribed for cleaning the genital and anal areas as part of the daily bath or after various obstetrical and gynecological procedures

52
Q

Pulse deficit

A

Condition that exists when the radial pulse is less than the ventricular rate as auscultated at the apex or seen on an electrocardiogram. The condition indicates a lack of peripheral perfusion for some of the heart conditions

53
Q

Pyrogens

A

Substances that cause a rise in body temperature, as in the case of bacterial toxins

54
Q

Radiation

A

Energy released in the form of particle or electromagnetic waves

55
Q

Reservior

A

Place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host

56
Q

Shivering

A

Involuntary trembling of the body caused by muscle contraction

57
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Guidelines recommended by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to reduce risk of transmission of blood-borne and other pathogens in hospitals

58
Q

Sterile field

A

an area created by placing sterile surgical drapes around the patient’s surgical site and on the stand that will hold sterile instruments and other items needed during surgery

59
Q

Sterilization

A

A technique for destroying microorganisms using heat, water, chemicals, or gases

60
Q

Stomatitis

A

inflamed and sore mouth; disrupt a person’s ability to eat, talk, and sleep

61
Q

Suprainfection

A

Secondary infection usually caused by an opportunistic pathogen

62
Q

Surgical Asepsis

A

Procedures used to eliminate any microorganisms from an area. also called sterile technique

63
Q

Susceptibility

A

The state or fact of being likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing

64
Q

Systemic

A

affecting the entire body, rather than a single organ or body part

65
Q

Tachycardia

A

Rapid regular heart rate ranging between 100 and 150 beats/min

66
Q

Thermoregulation

A

Internal control of body temperature

67
Q

Vector

A

a living organism that transmits an infectious agent from an infected animal to a human or another animal

68
Q

Ventilation

A

respiratory process by which gases are moved into and out of the lungs

69
Q

Xerostomia

A

condition in which the salivary glands in your mouth don’t make enough saliva to keep you mouth wet

70
Q

Infectious

A

Transmitting or capable of transmitting infection

Nursing Fundamentals (4 decks)

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