Nursing Fundamental Week 1 Terms Flashcards
Variables
The acts that the personnel (staff) performs
Active listening
listening attentively with the whole person - mind, body, and spirit
Acute Care
Pattern of health care in which a patient is treated for an acute episode of illness, for the sequelae of an accident or other trauma, or during recovery from surgery
Adult Day Care Centers
Facility for the supervised care of older adults; provides activities such as meals and socialization during specified day hours
Advanced Practiced Registered Nurse (APRN)
Generally the most independently functioning nurse. An APRN has a master’s degree in nursing; advanced education in pathophysiology, pharmacology, and physical assessment; and certification and expertise in a specialized are of practice
Affordable Care Act (ACA)
Ties payment to organizations offering Medicare plans. For example, if the hospital performs poorly, they get lower payments for services
American Nurses Association (ANA)
Illustrates the consistent commitment of nurses to provide care that promotes the well being of their patients and communities
Assumptions
“taken for granted” statements that explain the nature of the concepts, definitions, and structure of theory. Accepted as truths based on values and beliefs
Caregiver
Help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms and attain a maximal level of function and independence through the healing process. Provide evidence based nursing care to promote healing through physical and interpersonal skills
Certified-Nurse Midwife (CNM)
An APRN who is also educated in midwifery and is certified by the American College of Nurse Midwives (ACNM)
Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
An APRN with advanced education from a nurse anesthesia accredited program
Channels
A way to communicate (send and receive messages) through visual, auditory, and tactile sense.
Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)
APRN who is an expert clinician in a specialized area of practice. Speciality may be identified by population (geriatrics), setting (critical care), disease speciality (diabetes) , type of care (rehab), or type of problem (pain). CNS provides diagnosis, treatment and ongoing management of patients
Communication
ongoing, dynamic series of events that involves the transmission of meaning from sender to receiver
Concepts
Help describe/label phenomena. Can be a thought or idea of reality that is put into words/phrases to help describe or explain a specific phenomenon. Can be abstract such as emotions or concrete such as physical objects
Conceptual Framework
used often like paradigm. Provides a way to organize major concepts and visualize the relationship among phenomena. Different frameworks provide alternative ways to view the subject/discipline
Confidentiality
act of keeping information private or secret
Continuing Education
Involves educational programs offered by universities, hospitals, state nurses, associations, professional nursing organizations, and educational and health care institutions
Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)
Classifications based on a hospitalized patient’s primary and secondary medical diagnoses that are used as the basis for establishing Medicare reimbursement for patient care
Discharge planning
Activities directed toward identifying future proposed therapy and the need for additional resources before and after returning home
Empathy
understanding and acceptance of a person’s feelings and the ability to sense the person’s feelings and the ability to sense the person’s private world
Environment
All of the many factors (ex. physical and psychological) that influence or affect the life and survival of a person
Evidence-based practice
use of current best evidence from nursing research, clinical expertise, practice trends, and patient preferences to guide nursing decisions about care provided to patients
Extended Care Facility
institution devoted to providing medical, nursing, or custodial care for an individual over a prolonged period such as during the course of a chronic disease or the rehabilitation phase after an acute illness
Feedback
process in which the output of a given system is returned to the system
Genomics
describes the study of all the genes in a person and interactions of those genes with one another and with that person’s environment
Health Care Disparities
Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially and economically disadvantage populations
Health Care Equity
the highest level of health care for all individuals and populations
Home Care
health service provided in the patient’s place of residence to promote, maintain, or restore health or minimize the effects of illness and disability
Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS)
payment mechanism for reimbursing hospitals for inpatient health care services in which a predetermined rate is set for treatment for specific illnesses
In-service education
instruction or training programs provided by a health care agency or institution. Designed to increase the knowledge, skills, and competencies of nurses and other health care professionals employed by the institution
International Council of Nurses
Defines nursing as: Nursing encompasses autonomous and collaborative care of individuals of all ages, families, groups, and communities, sick or well, and in all settings. Nursing includes the promotion of health; prevention of illness; and the care of ill, disabled, and dying people. Advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy and in patient and health systems management, and education are also key nursing roles.
Interpersonal variables
Factors within both the sender and receiver that influence communication. (ie: A nurse asking a patient “You haven’t been talking very much since your family left. Is there something on your mind?” And one patient taking it as invading their privacy and one taking it as a sign of concern.)
Latent errors
Identifying why the problem occurred through analysis (ex. looking at the organization or steps of the process)
Magnet Recognition Program
A program established by the American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) to recognize health care organizations that achieve excellence in nursing practice.
That Magnet Model has five components:
- Transformational Leadership
- Structural Empowerment
- Exemplary Professional Practice
- New Knowledge, Innovation, and Improvements
- Empirical Quality Results
Medicaid
State medical assistance to people with low incomes, based on Title XIX of the Social Security Act. States receive matching federal funds to provide medical care and services to people meeting categorical and income requirements.
Medicare
Federally funded national health insurance program in the United States for people over 65 years of age. The program is administered in two parts. Part A provides basic protection against costs of medical, surgical, and psychiatric hospital care. Part B is a voluntary medical insurance program financed in part from federal funds and in part from premiums contributed by people enrolled in the program.
Message
Information sent or expressed by sender in the communication process
Non-verbal communication
communication using expressions, gestures, body posture, and positioning rather than words
Nurse Administrator
responsible for management of the nursing staff in a health care agency. begins with positions such as clinical care coordinators and assistant nurse managers
Nurse Educator
Works mostly in schools of nursing, staff development departments of health care agencies, and patient education departments. Need experience in clinical practice to provide them with practical skills and theoretical knowledge.
Nurse Practitioner
An APRN who has graduate preparation (master’s or doctorate) in nursing. Provide primary, acute, and specialty health care to patients of all ages and in all types of health care settings.
Nurse Researcher
Conducts evidence-based practice, performance improvement, and research to improve nursing care and further define and expand the scope of nursing practice.
Nursing
The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as: the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
Nursing Process
What nurses apply as a competency when delivering patient care. The American Nurses Association (ANA) standards provide the framework necessary for critical thinking in the application of the five-step nursing process: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Nursing-sensitive Outcomes
Outcomes that are within the scope of nursing practice; consequences or effects of nursing interventions that result in changes in the patient’s symptoms, functional status, safety, psychological distress, or costs.
Patient Advocate
Protecting your patient’s human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. (ie: You provide additional information to help a patient decide whether to accept a treatment, or you find an interpreter to help family members communicate their concerns).
Patient-Centered Care
Care that is respectful of and responsive to individual patient preferences, needs, and values and (ensures) that patient values guide all clinical decisions.
Performance Improvement
Also known as (PI), is a formal approach for the analysis of health-care related processes. It does not involve introduction of new practices, but it can involve review of how intervention within a process function effectively.
Phenomenon
The term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events, or a group of situations.
PICOT Question
Stands for: Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time and is a form of clinical research question to find the answer best evidence based answer to the clinical question.
Primary Health Care
Combination of primary and public health care that is accessible to individuals and families in a community and provided at an affordable cost.
Professional Organization
Deals with issues of concern to those practicing in the profession.
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses
The commitment of nursing to the competencies outlined in the Institute of Medicine report related to nursing education. QSEN encompasses six competencies: patient-centered care, teamwork&collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety and informatics.
Receiver
Person to whom message is sent during the communication process.
Referent
Factor that motivates a person to communicate with another individual.
Reflection
Process of thinking back or recalling an event to discover the meaning and purpose of that event. Useful in critical thinking.
Registered Nurse
In the United States a nurse who has completed a course of study at a state-approved, accredited
school of nursing and has passed the National Council Licensure Examination (NCLEX-RN).
Rehabilitation
Restoration of an individual to normal or near-normal function after a physical or mental illness, injury, or chemical addiction.
Respite Care
Service that offers short-term relief by providing a new environment or time to relax for family caregivers of the patient whenever it is indicated.
Restorative Health Care
Health care settings and services in which patients who are recovering from illness or disability receive rehabilitation and supportive care.
Secondary Health Care
Provided by a specialist or agency upon referral by a primary health care provider. It requires more specialized knowledge, skill, or equipment than the primary care physician or nurse practitioner can provide.
Sender
Person who initiates interpersonal communication by conveying a message.
Sentinel Event
An unexpected occurrence involving death or serious psychological injury of a patient. After a sentinel event, the unit conducts a root cause analysis (RCA).
Skilled Nursing Facility
Institution or part of an institution that meets criteria for accreditation established by the sections of the
Social Security Act that determine the basis for Medicaid and Medicare reimbursement for skilled nursing care, including rehabilitation and various medical and nursing procedures.
Telehealth
Emerging technology that allows patients to phone in pertinent health information without having to see a provider in person.
Tertiary Health Care
Specialized consultative care, usually provided on referral from secondary medical personnel. (ie: The cardiac surgeon sees the patient referred from the cardiologist for possible cardiac bypass surgery).
Therapeutic Communication
Process in which the nurse consciously influences a patient or helps the patient to a bare understanding through verbal and/or nonverbal communication.
Verbal communication
Sending of messages from one individual to another or to a group of individuals through the spoken word.
Variables
Concepts, characteristics, or traits that vary within or among subjects.
