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Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Nursing And Medicine > Nursing Care > Flashcards

Nursing Care Flashcards

1
Q

Normal dog temperature

A

38.3-39.2

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2
Q

Normal cat temperature

A

38.2-38.6

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3
Q

Normal rabbit temperature

A

38.5-40

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4
Q

Normal Guinea pig temperature

A

37.2-39.5

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5
Q

Normal hamster temperature

A

36-38

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6
Q

Normal reptile temperature

A

23-30

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7
Q

Normal bird temperature

A

40-42

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8
Q

Normal dog RR

A

10-30

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9
Q

Normal cat RR

A

20-30

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10
Q

Normal rabbit RR

A

30-60

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11
Q

Normal hamster RR

A

40-110

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12
Q

Normal snake RR

A

6-10

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13
Q

Normal lizard RR

A

10-50

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14
Q

Normal bird RR

A

15-100

Smaller birds = higher
Larger birds= lower

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15
Q

Normal dog HR

A

70-140

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16
Q

Normal cat HR

A

100-200

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17
Q

Normal rabbit HR

A

130-325

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18
Q

Normal hamster HR

A

300-470

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19
Q

Normal reptile HR

A

30-80

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20
Q

Normal bird HR

A

100-400

Smaller birds= higher
Larger birds= lower

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21
Q

Dog blood pressure

A

Systolic- 90-120
Diastolic- 55-90
MAP- 60-85

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22
Q

What is the minimum mmHg for mean arterial blood pressure

A

60mmHg

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23
Q

Cat blood pressure

A

Systolic- 80-120
Diastolic- 55-90
Mean arterial pressure- 60-85

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24
Q

Rabbit blood pressure

A

Systolic- 90-130
Diastolic- 80-90

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25
Q

Medical model - Aggleton and Chalmers

A

Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment

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26
Q

Orems’s Self Care Model

A

Self care abilities
Patient independence

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27
Q

Roper Logan and Tierney Model

A

Activities of living
Life span
Independence
Influencing factors
Individuality

28
Q

Ability Model- Orpet and Jeffery

A

10 abilities
Lifespan
Key influencing factors

29
Q

Potential problems of recumbent

A

Decubitus ulcers
Weight loss/gain
Urine scalding
Hypostatic pneumonia
Muscular atrophy

30
Q

How to prevent weight loss/gain in recumbent patient?

A

Calculate nutritional requirements and feeding amount
Weight daily to monitor
IVFT or assisted feeding if not eating
Exercise or passive limb movements

31
Q

How to prevent muscular atrophy in a recumbent patient?

A

Physical therapy- passive ROM, muscle stretching
Encourage use of limbs- standing or moving supported with sling
Nutrition- high protein food

32
Q

How to prevent decubitus ulcers in recumbent patient?

A

Thick padded bedding for support
Turn patient regularly- Q4h
Apply cushioned/ring padded dressing - wound and dressing care
Massage- circulation
Clean, dry and dress

33
Q

How to prevent urine scalding in recumbent patient?

A

Vet beds to draw urine away
Change wet bedding immediately
Clean and dry patient after toileting
Take outside for toileting opportunities
Apply barrier cream, tail bandage
Urinary catheter if necessary

34
Q

How to prevent hypostatic pneumonia in recumbent patient?

A

Turn patient regularly- Q4h
Perform coupage regularly

35
Q

Pulse points

A

Lingual
Digital
Femoral
Tarsal
Coccygeal

36
Q

What is Cheyne-Stokes breathing?

A

Abnormal breathing pattern- apnea and hyperventilation (slow, deep breaths to fast, shallow)

37
Q

What is paradoxical breathing?

A

Chest moves in on inspiration and moves out on expiration

38
Q

What is orthopnoea?

A

Breathlessness in recumbency

39
Q

MM colours

A

Pink- normal
Red- fever, hyperthermia, vasodilation
Brick/cherry red- carbon monoxide poisoning
Cyanotic- hypoxemia
Pale/white- poor perfusion, shock, blood loss
Jaundice/Icteric- liver disease, sepsis
Brown- paracetamol poisoning

40
Q

Dehydration levels

A

<5%- no clinical signs, increased urine concentration
5-6%- clinical signs- skin tenting, tacky mm
6-8%- clinical signs- skin tenting, slightly sunken eyes (enopthalmos), dry mm
10-12%- clinical signs- skin tenting that stays, sunken eyes & third eyelid protrudes, dry mm, shock

41
Q

BP equation

A

BP= cardiac output x total peripheral resistance

42
Q

Direct and invasive BP techniques

A

Central venous pressure
Arterial pressure

43
Q

Indirect BP techniques

A

Doppler (manual)- does not give MAP
Oscillometric (automatic)- does give MAP

44
Q

What should the room temperature of wards be?

A

18-22°C

45
Q

Temperature for neonates

A

25°C

46
Q

Temperature for small mammals?

A

21-23°C

47
Q

Air changes in normal wards?

A

6-12 air changes per hour

48
Q

Air changes in isolation ward?

A

12 changes per hour

49
Q

Minimum kennel height requirements?

A

1.85m

50
Q

Venous access points

A

Jugular
Cephalic
Lateral saphenous
Medial saphenous
Marginal ear vein

51
Q

What is paresis

A

Partial loss of voluntary movement

52
Q

Paraplegia

A

Loss of movement 2 limbs- usually hind

53
Q

Hemiplegia

A

One sided paralysis (one half)

54
Q

Tetra/quadriplegia

A

All 4 limbs

55
Q

Topical wound treatment

A

Aloe vera: stimulates development of granulation tissue
● Silver sulfadiazine- Flamazine: topical broad-spectrum AB, prevents sepsis from burns. Can only be only for 7 days and must be used in this time.
● Zinc bacitracin: may enhance epithelialization
● Malic, benzoic and salicylic acid- Dermisol: very low pH, debriding agent,
toxic to granulation tissue
● Manuka honey: debridement of infected wounds
● Nanocrystealline silver: infected wounds

56
Q

What type of dressing is KBan and Knit-Fix

A

Conforming

57
Q

What type of dressing is vetwrap?

A

Cohesive

58
Q

Solutions for wound lavage

A

Chlorhexidine 0.5%
Saline
Lactated ringers
Povidine iodine

59
Q

Layers of dressings

A

Primary- adherent, non adherent, absorbent. Contact with wound
Secondary- over 1st layer, padding support and evens pressure. Ortho wool and Conforming bandage
Tertiary- final layer for protection - elastic cohesive, adhesive bandage

60
Q

Vomiting

A

Active forceful expulsion
Contraction of abdo muscles
Stomach contents
Warning signs

61
Q

Regurgitation

A

Passive
Oesophagus contents - undigested, saliva, fluids
Without warning

62
Q

What is cyclic vomiting

A

Repeated vomiting

63
Q

What is bilious vomit?

A

Contains bile

64
Q

What is stercoraceous vomit

A

Contains faeces

65
Q

What is haematemesis

A

Contains blood

Veterinary Anatomy & Physiology, Nursing And Medicine (5 decks)

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