Nursery Part 2 Flashcards
mycoplasma pneumoniae can be transmitted
horizontally and vertically
mycoplasma pneumonia otehr term
causative agent?
Porcine enzootic pneumonia
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Mycoplasma infect and reproduce in/around
DIrty, high _____levels
Resp issue worsens
resp vili; leads to destruction and entry of pathogens
ammonia
Lethal pneumonia affecting piglet
❏ Lesions are concentrated on the ____
portions of the lung
mycoplasma pneumoniae
apical
affected piglets clinical signs
Coughing, dyspnea, wasting
prevention of mycoplasma pneumonia is hygiene, management and antibiotics such as
Tiamulin, Tilmicosin, Tylosin
mycoplasma can be found in the pigs’
nares, brochius
Porcine Pleuropneumonia/ APP
infection causative agent
Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae, (a.k.a.
Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae)
APP:
Causes fatal ___1) and ____2) pleuropneumonia; lung _____3), ____4) exudation
-not seen in mycoplasma
1)fibrinous-hemorrhagic and 2)necrotizing
3) hemorrhaging, 4) fibrinous
APP is Still a problem in Latin America, north america
and Europe only t/f
f - problem in Asia as well
eradicated in north
problems?? in APP
❏ Poor weight gain, mortality, medication
cost, condemnation
APP lung lesion
locally extensive dorsal diaphragmatic pneumonia (porcine fibrous pleuropnuemonia [bacterial])
APP is transmitted via
Virulence factors two toxins
direct contact,
droplets; carriers
RTX and Apx toxins, (has endotoxins, O antigens)
others:
capsular factors, fimbriae and adhesins,
lipopolysaccharide, hemolysins,
cytotoxins, and permeability factors
pores in the cell membrane –> (1) damaged ____ and _____ –> (2) vascular ____and _____-> (3) impaired _____ function
–> failure of clearance mechanisms
(1) capillaries and alveolar walls
(2) vascular leakage and thrombosis
(3) phagocytic
piglets vaccinated against APP age
45-50 days old
first reported in swine in 1918
causative agent?
related to human
strains; closely related to avian strains
Swine Influenza
Influenza virus-A in swine (IAV-S)
❏ Early H1N1 strains
reassortment of north american and eurasian IAV-S
IAV subtypes are defined by their
_____ (H1-18) and
______(N1-10) glycoproteins
2009 H1N1 pandemic virus (H1N1pdm09):
Hemagglutinin (H1-18) and
Neuraminidase (N1-10) glycoproteins
upper and
lower respiratory tract of human and
swine
found in
the lungs of both species
human‐type receptor
avian‐type recepto
ytansmiteed via animal movement
Virus replication: epithelial cells of the upper only of pigs
t/f (nasal
mucosa, ethmoid, trachea, lungs)
swine flu
f - upper and lower
Excessive ____ activity lead to typical lung inflammation
and disease
Virus excretion and transmission occur
via the respiratory route and reproductive route. t/f
high mort, low morb t/f
cytokine activity/ cytokine storm
f - exclusively sa resp
f - High fever; high morbidity (±100%), mortality
(± 1%
IAV-S can predispose the host to
other pathogens t/f
t
unique doagnosis sa SI
unique prevention and control sa SI
Ubiquitous pathogen
HI-test
stamping out
rotavorus
rotavirus species, and species reported in swine
Can be involved in _____during the 1st ___ wks of life
10 species: A-J; Rotavirus A, B, and C
enteritis, 5 weeks
The ____can be the source of the
virus; upon depletion of
protective IgA in milk clinical
infection
sow
RV targets the epithelial cells of the
______l and____tissues;
24-48 hr incubation period
Replication occurs mainly in ____ resulting in
villous blunting and atrophy
small intestinal jejunaL ileal
\small
intestinal proximal villi,
Fluid ____with semi-formed feces,
pale _____color
DIARRHEA, yellow
effects of rv in piglets
Morbidity and mortality variable (percentage)
Anorexia, lethargy, death
20-86%
❑ Complete herd removal is likely to remove rv infexn t/f
in RV infexn
f - unlikly
in necropsy, fluid filled thin walled small intestine can be observed
porcine coccidiosis causative agent
RV
Isospora suis/Cystoisospora suis
Occurs in nursing piglets between ____ days old
color of diarrhea
old animals are more susceptible than the young t/f
7-11
yellowish gray , y loose/pasty and
gradually become more fluid
f - young more
The parasites infect the GIT mucosal
cells and replicate within ____
Replication leads to mucosal
destruction elading to
in cocci, use antiprotozoals such as
enterocytes
diarrhea, wasting, death
amprolium
Other protozoan infection
❏ Toxoplasma spp.
❏ Sarcocystis spp.
❏ Giardia spp.
greasy pig
disease, exudative epidermitidis casative agent
Seen in piglets ___ wks old
Staphylococcus hyicus;
<6
infection is
carried by the ___on the skin or
vagina, introduced by contact or bites
Onset of painful facial or skin lesions,
prevents the piglet from ___
dam
suckling
Initial red rashes become thickened,
with brown greasy exudates
staphy infexn
