Grower part 1 Flashcards
ASF causatuve agent
first described in this country in 1921 from diseased ___ pig breeds
clinical signs:
Asfivirus
Kenya, European
high fever, hemorrhaging, and mortality
wild boars affected with ASF exhibit severe clinical signs t/f
F - apparently immune to clinical dz
acute
subacute
chronic
mortality rate &
recovered animals become ___ and shed the virus
100,70, less than 70, carrier
diseases imported to europe in 1957 (__ and ___) eventually rampaged its way to europe and asia
spain and portugal
ASF 3 cycles
ASF transmission
● Sylvatic cycle- involves tick vectors
● Domestic cycle- involves
transmission between
domesticated swine
● Wild Boar cycle- involves wild boar
and bush pigs as reservoir
tick vectors, fomites,
humans, flies; viral shedding through all
bodily fluids and direct contac
Viral replication leads
to (ASF)
o immunosuppression, excessive
cellular destruction
Hemorhhaging on skin
Smell of death
Smell of blood clot, epistaxis,
Fresh blood on walls
Urine, blood tinged
in ASF in the phils, killing of infected pigs are preferred vs in culling of infected herds in other countries. t/f
country that created a vaccine for ASF
f - phils = cull
other country = clinically infected
Vietnam
what dz
1998-1999: outbreak of lethal
_____in Malaysian swine
husbandry personnel: __%
mortality
encephalitis
40%
NIPA
NIPAH signs in swine
respiratory signs, epistaxis,
dyspnea, neurological signs
where did the nipah vius came from
NIpah other term
infected bats
Barking Pig syndrome/hendra
nipah virus can also infect cats t/f
t
in swine, ___ and ___ penumoina with hyperplasia of aiat epithelium (NIPAH)
in humans ___ with endothelial cell damage, necrosis and ___ cells in blood vessels; abdundant viral antigen present in capillary epithelium
tracheitis, broncho-interstitial
vasculitis, syncytial giant
unique test for NIPAH
IF test
RESTv infexn
1989-1990s
2009:
2014: reported in
RESTv (_____) not known to
infect humans;
______
viruses might jump to swine
❏ 1989-1990s: Philippine monkeys
(Reston, Virginia; Italy)
❏ 2009: Philippine swine; PRRS and
PCV2-positive; tested positive for
RESTv; farm personnel seropositive
❏ 2014: reported in China
❏ RESTv (filovirus) not known to
infect humans; African Ebola
viruses might jump to swine
genus
Genus Ebolavirus: Reston
ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus,
Sudan ebolavirus, Zaire ebolavirus,
Taϊ forest ebolavirus
❏ 2013-2016: oubreak
Zaire Ebolavirus (EBOv)
outbreak in West Africa
*EBOv in swine: occurs under
experimental conditions
(respiratory
Highest viral levels in the lung and lymphoid tissues; also detectable in
muscle
Reston Ebola Virus (RESTv) Infection
RESTv: ______ in the submandibular, retropharyngeal, and bronchial lymph
nodes; lung consolidation can occur
❏ Lesions confined to the lymphoid and respiratory systems; Lymphadenomegaly
❏ Mild acute ______ may occur and focal necrosis of ______ epithelium
may occur (associated with neutrophil infiltration)
❏ Mild acute rhinitis may occur and focal necrosis of tonsillar epithelium
may occur (associated with neutrophil infiltration)
REstV: no gross or histologic abnormalities detectable
28 DPI
Caused by:
* poor ventilation
* poor hygiene
* poor environmental management
❏ Ammonia is a corrosive and irritant
gas
❏ Prolonged exposure can damage the
respiratory tract (≥ 15 PPM)
❏ Can predispose the animal to
pathogenic infections
ammonia build up
Prevention and control
❏ Ensure optimal air movement
❏ The facility should allow for
optimal ventilation
❏ Improve the overall environmental
condition
coventional house
Sensors continuously monitor the
environmental conditions
❏ The computer adjusts
accordingly, mainly the fan speed
❏ The computer handles everything
Tunnel Ventilation, CCS
(Automatic
Virus has an affinity to the brain system = neurologic signs
severe dysfunction of brain stem neurons (tropism to the ephrin-B3 receptor)
nipah
what does it mean
-Minimum volume of air
that must be exchanged in order to maintain
optimal temperature and gas levels
CFM
RFC
Variable speed fan =
❏ Minimum Ventilation -Minimum volume of air
that must be exchanged in order to maintain
optimal temperature and gas levels
❏ CFM - Cubic feet per minute -Unit of measure
for air volume moved w/n 1 min
❏ RFC - Rated fan capacity, the maximum CFM a
fan can handle (e.g. 3,600 CFM)
❏ Variable speed fans - the output can be set (e.g.
10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% etc)
❏ Bites on the tail stump and other
areas
❏ Wounds may be deep enough to
cause bleeding
❏ Usually caused by salt deficiency
❏ May also be due to large individuals
picking on the small ones/runts
Cannibalism, fighting
