Nursery part 1 Flashcards
piglets seperated from sow - where will they go?
how many days
how many days before becoming a grower? + kg
(from __ to ___)
nursery unit/famr
24-28 days old (weaning)
6kg (24-28 days old) until 18-20kg (75-84 days Old)
3 components of animal health
epidemic traingle components
❏Animal ❏Environment ❏Pathogen
Agent
Host
environment
3 Consequences of
disease in swine
caused by
Morbidity
❏Mortality
❏Economic losses
● low ADG
● low harvest
recovery/percentage
● high FCR
Piglets are most susceptible to
disease because 3 things
1)Unable to thermoregulate
2)Developing bodily functions (e.g.
immune system, GIT)
3)Rely on maternal Abs for protection
normal temp, pulse and RR of pigs (range)
39-40
100-120
24-36
Influences animal health
type of flooring commonly used in pH
management
metal concrete
problematic
Leads to Diarrhea and respiratory dz
cold stress dz
Poor insulator
Expose to stress
Solid wet concrete
wooden slet
Higher resistance
Impractical sa PH pero best
order ng highest to lowest thermal resistance ng flooring materials
deep straw< wooden slet <stockboard < wire mesh < concrete slats < solid wet concrete
4 ways to assess animals
necropsy, visual, tactile , sampling
Piglets exposed to cold stress signs vs comfortabl
higest risk of dissease?
Lying on stomach
Limbs aunder body
vs
Distance equal
Pigets lying down on their side
cold stress
when approaching a piglet, its not scared of u. is this normal?
no. should run away from you normally
favorable area of blood collection in piglets + others
Aorta - risky
Favorable - jugular vein
Ear vein - collapses easily
when performing necropsy it is impt to perform by system t/f
t
The piglets stay in the farrowing pen for __ days
term?
5-7 days
Reduces stress
Gives time to adjust to sow’s absence
Unfamiliar smells, ne
Move them later
transferring of pigs
On the day of transfer, handle piglets with care and limit ___1)
move during the ___2) parts of the day (early morning or late afternoon
Some large operation may require transport to Another location (multinsite) iniTiate ____3) feeding
select for healthy and desirable piglets only, ___4) the defective animals
- noise
- cooler
- controlled
- cull
Decreased feed and water intake
Losing body mass and energy
High risk of infexn
Decreased weight gain
weaning lag
Controlled feeding for the 1st ___1) hrs after weaning
Estimate the feed consumption for the day
Get__% of the expected feed consumption
Clean drinking water must
be available always
- 48
- 80
Provide ____heating
and adequate ventilation
If diarrhea is observed,
withdraw dry feed; do
___ feeding
❖gruel or lugaw: 1kg
feed + 8L water + 50g
electrolytes
artificial
wet
Given morning
Removed at lunchtime
Play w/ feeds, have time to dry off during afternoon para di wet pag gabi → iwasan cold stress
Porcine Reproductive and
Respiratory Syndrome Virus
(PRRS) causative agent
1980s
1991
Artevirus
1980- appeared in North america
1991 - Lelystad virus Netherlands (genotype I) US and Asia (genotype II)
PRRS Early mid term sows:
PRRS late term sows:
little adverse effects
SMEDI
Piglets that survive in-utero infection die early due to
respiratory diseases
type of pneumonia in PRRS
spread via: DFONSFA
diffuse interstitial pneumonia
direct contact, feces, oral and
nasal secretions, semen, fomites,
aerosol
PRRS stages
viremia, target cells attacked (LO,MO)
end of shedding, cleared, Body manages to fight of virus
subclinical, decreased shedding, viremia stops
persistent infection wherein the virus is eventually
cleared (100-145 DPI)
acute
extinction
persistence
chronic
PRRS: viral replication in
Inhibit ____
MO and lymphoid tissue
Inhibit caspase-dependent apoptosis in MO
Caspase -involved in apoptosis; chop up other necessary enzymes - ‘chainsaw’
Suppress type-1 interferon response. what is its function
Use of ___epitopes -> limited neutralized Ab response
cell death
decoy
Characteristic lesion of PRRS
afer how many days can the virus be shed by piglets
interstitial pneumonia + LN enlargement
7-9d
3 ways to prevent and control PRRS
Biosecurity and exclusion to avoid spread,
herd closure” for +- 26 weeks;
partial depopulation (test and remove)
Recovered animals are rarely immune from PRRS t/f
f- typically
enzootic infxn control includes
vaccination and inclusion; symptomatic tx
PRRS other term
*Mystery pig disease, Blue ear pig disease
