NUR 324 Metabolic, Obesity, and Mobility Extras

Question 1

ROM: Neck, cervical spine

Answer 1

o Pivotal joint
o Flexion: bring chin to chest
o Extension: return head to erect position
o Hyperextension: bend head back as far as possible
o Lateral flexion: tilt head as far as possible toward each shoulder
o Rotation: turn head as far as possible in circular movement

Question 2

ROM: Shoulder

Answer 2

o Ball and socket joint
o Flexion: raise arm from side position forward to position above head
o Extension: return arm to position at side of body
o Shoulder extension: move arm behind body, keeping elbow straight
o Internal rotation: with elbow flexed & shoulder abducted, rotate shoulder by moving arm until thumb is turned inward and toward back
o External rotation: with elbow flexed and shoulder abducted, move arm until thumb is upward and lateral to head
o Circumduction: move arm in a full circle

Question 3

ROM: Elbow

Answer 3

o Hinge joint
o Flexion: bend elbow so lower arm moves toward its shoulder joint & hand is level w/ shoulder
o Extension: straighten elbow by lowering hand

Question 4

ROM: Forearm

Answer 4

o Pivotal joint
o Supination: turn lower arm and hand so palm is up
o Pronation: turn lower arm so palm is down

Question 5

ROM: Wrist

Answer 5

o Condyloid joint
o Flexion: move palm toward inner aspect of forearm
o Extension: move fingers and hand posterior to midline, bring dorsal surface of hand back as far as possible
o Radial deviation: bend wrist laterally toward thumb
o Ulnar deviation: bend wrist laterally toward fifth finger

Question 6

ROM: Fingers

Answer 6

o	Condyloid hinge
o	Flexion: make fist
o	Extension: straighten fingers
o	Hyperextension: bend fingers back as far as possible
o	Abduction: spread fingers apart
o	Adduction: bring fingers together

Question 7

ROM: Thumb

Answer 7

o Saddle joint
o Flexion: move thumb across palmar surface of hand
o Extension: Move thumb straight away from hand
o Abduction: extend thumb laterally
o Adduction: move thumb back toward hand
o Opposition: touch thumb to each finger of same hand

Question 8

ROM: Hip

Answer 8

o Ball and socket joint
o Flexion: move leg forward and up
o Extension: move leg back beside other leg
o Hyperextension: move leg behind body as far as possible
o Abduction: move leg laterally away from body
o Adduction: move leg back toward medial position and beyond if possible
o Internal rotation: turn foot and leg toward other leg
o External rotation: Turn foot and leg away from other leg
o Circumduction: Move leg in circle

Question 9

ROM: Knee

Answer 9

o Hinge joint
o Flexion: bring heel back toward back of thigh
o Extension: return leg to floor

Question 10

ROM: Ankle

Answer 10

o Hinge joint
o Dorsal flexion: move foot so toes are pointed upward
o Plantar flexion: move foot so toes are pointed downward

Question 11

ROM: Foot

Answer 11

o Gliding joint
o Inversion: turn sole of foot medially
o Eversion: turn sole of foot laterally

Question 12

ROM: Toes

Answer 12

o	Condyloid
o	Flexion: curl toes downward
o	Extension: straighten toes
o	Abduction: spread toes apart
o	Adduction: bring toes together

Question 13

Metabolic interventions

Answer 13

• High protein, high caloric diet
• Vitamin B (salmon, leafy greens, eggs, milk, legumes, beef)
• Vitamin C (citrus fruits, tomatoes, broccoli, brussels sprouts)
• NPO –> do enteral/parenteral feedings
• Do NOT delay feeding