Nucleotides and nucleic acids 2.1.3 a

Question 1

What are nucleic acids essential for?

Answer 1

To heredity in living organisms - allowing an understanding of their roles in storage/use of genetic information

Question 2

What is DNA?

Answer 2

A polymer made up of repeating units (monomers) called nucleotides.

Question 3

What is a nucleotide composed of?

Answer 3

A common sugar and phosphate group, and one of the four bases attached to the sugar

Question 4

What are the four bases?

Answer 4

Adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

Question 5

Which bases are complimentary to each other in DNA?

Answer 5

Adenine=thymine, cytosine=guanine

Question 6

What are nucleotide bases joined together with?

Answer 6

Hydrogen bonds

Question 7

Which type of bond forms the sugar-phosphate backbone in DNA?

Answer 7

Phosphodiester bond

Question 8

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 8

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 9

What does RNA stand for?

Answer 9

Ribonucleic acid

Question 10

What are the two types of bases?

Answer 10

Purines and pyrimidines

Question 11

What is the difference between purines and pyrimidines?

Answer 11

A purine contains 2 carbon-nitrogen rings, whereas a pyrimidine contains 1 carbon-nitrogen ring

Question 12

Which bases are purines?

Answer 12

Adenine and guanine

Question 13

Which bases are pyrimidines?

Answer 13

Thymine, uracil and cytosine