Nucleic Acids, Carbohydrates, Proteins and Lipids (Cells Chapter)

Question 1

What elements are in carbohydrates?

Answer 1

• carbon
• hydrogen
• oxygen

Question 2

What elements are in lipids?

Answer 2

• carbon
• hydrogen
• oxygen

Question 3

What elements are in proteins?

Answer 3

• carbon
• hydrogen
• oxygen
• nitrogen

Question 4

Organic compounds mainly contain what two elements?

Answer 4

• carbon

- hydrogen

Question 5

Carbohydrates can be…

Answer 5

• mono-saccharides

- polysaccharides

Question 6

What are the two functions of lipids

Answer 6

• form membrane

- store energy

Question 7

Proteins are made up of units called what?

Answer 7

Amino acids

Question 8

Amino acids are linked by what?

Answer 8

Peptide bonds

Question 9

Nucleic acids store energy information in the form of what?

Answer 9

DNA and RNA

Question 10

What is a monosaccharide?

Answer 10

One sugar

Question 11

What is a disaccharide

Answer 11

2 sugars

Question 12

What are polysaccharides

Answer 12

Many sugars

Question 13

What is triglyceride made up of

Answer 13

3 fatty acids and glycerol

Question 14

What does saturated mean

Answer 14

No double bonds

Question 15

What does unsaturated mean

Answer 15

Double bonds

Question 16

What are saccharides

Answer 16

Sugar units

Question 17

Where are saccharides found

Answer 17

In carbohydrates

Question 18

Where are fatty acids and glycerol found

Answer 18

Lipids

Question 19

What is the monomer of lipids

Answer 19

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 20

The use of carbohydrates

Answer 20

• energy source

- energy source in cells also used as structure in plants (cellulose)

Question 21

Use of lipids

Answer 21

• stores energy

- makes up cell membrane layers

Question 22

Use of protein

Answer 22

• needed for growth and repair
• makes up major part of the body’s structure
• essential for metabolism (enzymes)

Question 23

Use of nucleic acids

Answer 23

• determines the hereditary or genetic makeup in living things
• needed to manufacture proteins

Question 24

Examples of carbohydrates

Answer 24

• glucose
• starch
• glycogen
• cellulose

Question 25

Example of lipids

Answer 25

- triglycerides

Question 26

Example(s) of protein

Answer 26

- enzymes (e.g. protease which breaks down protein) - keratin - collagen

Question 27

Examples of nucleic acids

Answer 27

- DNA | - RNA

Question 28

How to test for glucose, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 28

Benedict's solution + = brick red - = blue

Question 29

How to test for starch, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 29

Iodine + = black/blue - = yellow

Question 30

How to test for lipid, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 30

Brown paper bag + = translucent paper - = no change

Question 31

How to test for protein, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 31

Biuret test + = violet - = blue

Question 32

How to test for chloride ions, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 32

Silver nitrate + = white precipitate - = clear

Question 33

How to test for ligin, and its positive and negative outcomes.

Answer 33

Toluidine blue + = green - = blue

Question 34

What elements are in nucleic acids?

Answer 34

- carbon - hydrogen - oxygen - phosphorus - nitrogen