Nucleic Acids and Gene Expression

Question 1

What determines the primary structure of a protein?

Answer 1

information contained in the proteins gene (DNA)

Question 2

sequence of amino acids that are linked together to form the polypeptide chain

Answer 2

primary structure

Question 3

directs the synthesis of proteins

Answer 3

DNA

Question 4

messenger RNA

Answer 4

carries message from DNA to ribosomes

Question 5

tRNA

Answer 5

carry amino acids to the ribosome

Question 6

3 main component parts of a nucleotide

Answer 6

• 5 carbon sugar (pentose)
• linked to a phosphate group
• linked to a nitrogenous base

Question 7

what are the pyrimidines

Answer 7

C, T, U

Question 8

what are the purines

Answer 8

A, G

Question 9

what attaches nucleotides to each other

Answer 9

phosphodiester linkage

Question 10

end of nucleic acid that has an unbound phosphate group

Answer 10

5 prime end

Question 11

side that has unbound sugar

Answer 11

3 prime end

Question 12

given sequence of hydrogenous bases will always encode for a specific protein

Answer 12

one gene one protein hypothesis

Question 13

DNA strands are antiparallelbecause

Answer 13

of the presence of hydrogen bond

Question 14

why double helix suited for structure of DNA

Answer 14

allows for DNA replication and protein synthesis to occur

Question 15

central dogma of molecular biology

Answer 15

DNA to RNA to protein

Question 16

transcription

Answer 16

DNA to RNA

Question 17

translation

Answer 17

RNA to protein

Question 18

wobble hypothesis

Answer 18

the binding between the codon and the anticodon of the transfer RNA the bonds that form between the first two bases are the most important and that 3rd base wobbles a little bit because its not as important

Question 19

start codon

Answer 19

AUG

Question 20

stop codon

Answer 20

UGA UAG UAA

Question 21

AUG codes for

Answer 21

Met