Nucleic Acids Flashcards
What is the function of nucleic acids
store and transfer genetic information
What are the two classes of nucleic acids
Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid
Nucleic Acid Monomers are linked through
phosphodiester bonds
Both are polymers consisting of
nucleotide monomers
the 3 components of a nucleotide monomer are
a sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base
What is the sugar component
a 5 carbon pentose
The phosphate group is attached at
carbon 5 of sugar
the nitrogenous base is attached at
carbon 1 and is a single or double ring structure
How many nitrogenous bases are there
5
Pyrimidines are
single-ring bases
What the 3 pyrimidines
cytosine, uracil, and thymine
Purines are
double-ring bases
What are the 2 purines
adenine and guanine
Uracil is found only in
RNA
Thymine is found only in
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid is
a double-stranded nucleic acid
DNA is located in
chromosomes in nucleus and mitochondria
DNA is made of
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and one of 4 nitrogenous bases
The double strand in a nucleic acid are held together by
hydrogen bonds
The complementary bases in DNA are
thymine with adenine
guanine with cytosine
Ribonucleic acid is
a single-stranded nucleic acid
RNA is located in
nucleus and cytoplasm of cell
RNA is composed of
ribose sugar, phosphate, and one of four nitrogenous bases ( no complementary pairs since it is single stranded)
Adenine triphosphate (ATP) is
Nucleotide composed of nitrogenous base adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups
ATP is
central molecule in transfer of chemical energy within cell
Covalent bonds between last two phosphate groups are
unique and energy rich
ATP releases what when broken
energy
Important nucleotide containing molecules are and they both do what
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and
Flavin adenine dinucleotide. both participate in production of ATP
