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Weeks 2 and 3, Macromolecules and Energy and Chemical Reactions > Nucleic Acids > Flashcards

Nucleic Acids Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids

A

store and transfer genetic information

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2
Q

What are the two classes of nucleic acids

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid and Ribonucleic acid

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3
Q

Nucleic Acid Monomers are linked through

A

phosphodiester bonds

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4
Q

Both are polymers consisting of

A

nucleotide monomers

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5
Q

the 3 components of a nucleotide monomer are

A

a sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base

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6
Q

What is the sugar component

A

a 5 carbon pentose

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7
Q

The phosphate group is attached at

A

carbon 5 of sugar

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8
Q

the nitrogenous base is attached at

A

carbon 1 and is a single or double ring structure

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9
Q

How many nitrogenous bases are there

A

5

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10
Q

Pyrimidines are

A

single-ring bases

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11
Q

What the 3 pyrimidines

A

cytosine, uracil, and thymine

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12
Q

Purines are

A

double-ring bases

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13
Q

What are the 2 purines

A

adenine and guanine

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14
Q

Uracil is found only in

A

RNA

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15
Q

Thymine is found only in

A

DNA

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16
Q

Deoxyribonucleic acid is

A

a double-stranded nucleic acid

17
Q

DNA is located in

A

chromosomes in nucleus and mitochondria

18
Q

DNA is made of

A

deoxyribose sugar, phosphate and one of 4 nitrogenous bases

19
Q

The double strand in a nucleic acid are held together by

A

hydrogen bonds

20
Q

The complementary bases in DNA are

A

thymine with adenine

guanine with cytosine

21
Q

Ribonucleic acid is

A

a single-stranded nucleic acid

22
Q

RNA is located in

A

nucleus and cytoplasm of cell

23
Q

RNA is composed of

A

ribose sugar, phosphate, and one of four nitrogenous bases ( no complementary pairs since it is single stranded)

24
Q

Adenine triphosphate (ATP) is

A

Nucleotide composed of nitrogenous base adenine, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups

25
Q

ATP is

A

central molecule in transfer of chemical energy within cell

26
Q

Covalent bonds between last two phosphate groups are

A

unique and energy rich

27
Q

ATP releases what when broken

A

energy

28
Q

Important nucleotide containing molecules are and they both do what

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and

Flavin adenine dinucleotide. both participate in production of ATP

Weeks 2 and 3, Macromolecules and Energy and Chemical Reactions (6 decks)

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