Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What is the function of ATP?

Answer 1

Gives energy for biochemical reactions in living organisms.

Question 2

How does ATP release energy?

Answer 2

In a hydrolysis reaction in small usable amounts

Question 3

What is DNA structure?

Answer 3

One strand of nucleotides linked by hydrogen bonds between the bases to another strand which is antiparallel

Question 4

What is RNA structure?

Answer 4

RNA nucleotides linked by a single strand polynucleotide

Question 5

What are the two types of DNA base?

Answer 5

Pyrimidine - Cytosine and Thymine
Purine - adenine and guanine

Question 6

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Answer 6

RNA has ribose sugar, DNA has deoxyribose sugar
RNA is double stranded, DNA is single stranded
RNA has AUCG bases, DNA has ATCG

Question 7

What is semi-conservative replication?

Answer 7

2 new DNA molecules formed from 1 old strand and 1 new strand.

Question 8

What are the steps to DNA replication?

Answer 8

1) DNA helicase breaks the hydrogen bonds between bases in the double helix.
2) The DNA is unwound and free bases are exposed.
3) Free nucleotides bond with their complementary base pairing of the unzipped strand by DNA polymerase.
4) 2 new DNA molecules are formed from 1 new and 1 old strand. This is called semi conservative replication.