nucleic acids Flashcards
nucleic acids
composed of nitrogenous bases
purines
2 rings of adenine and guanine
pyrimidines
1 ring, thymine, cytosine, uracil
nucleoside
nitrogenous base plus a sugar of either ribose or deoxyribose
nucleotides
nucleoside plus phosphate (either 1, 2, 3 phosphates)
name the nucleic acids?
purines
pyrimidines
nucleoside
nucleotide
backbone of DNA?
sugar phosphate with a phosphoester bond
configuration of DNA?
antiparallel dimer
sugar of DNA?
deoxyribose
base pairs of DNA
A=T 2 hydrogen bonds
G=C 3 glycogen bonds
basic unit of chromatin?
nucleosome, DNA wrapped 2x around core of histone proteins
what is chromatin?
DNA around a protein core, the protein is histone proteins
histone proteins?
contain large amount of arginine and lysine. 2 copies each of H2A, H2B, H3, H4 (form head). H1 linker histone
human genome?
46 total chromosomes
22 autosomal pairs
one pair of sex chromosomes
RNA configuration?
single stranded
RNA sugar?
ribose
base pairs of RNA?
A=U 2 hydrogen bonds
G=C 3 hydrogen bonds
transcription?
occurs in nucleus. complementary base pairs are added 5’ to 3’. DNA read 3’ to 5’
nitrogenous bases?
hypoxathanine
adenine
guanine
