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Biochemistry > hypothalamus-pituitary axis > Flashcards

hypothalamus-pituitary axis Flashcards

1
Q

GH?

A

stimulates muscle, bone, and cartilage growth by targeting IGF-1 in liver and tissues

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2
Q

sleep or exercise can cause release of?

A

GHRH

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3
Q

temperatures below 97 F cause the release of?

A

thyrotropin releasing hormone

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4
Q

TSH?

A

targets T3 (active) and T4 (inactive) in thyroid. T4 gets converted to T3 in liver by bile dependent deiodinase enzyme and T3 controls metabolism by making bigger and more mitochondria

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5
Q

chronic stress causes release of what?

A

corticotrophin releasing hormone

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6
Q

ACTH?

A

targets mineral corticoid aldosterone, glucocorticoid cortisol, and androgens DHEA and androstenodione in adrenal cortex

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7
Q

mineral corticoid aldosterone does what when targeted by ACTH?

A

increases sodium/potassium ATPase pump in late DCT and CD of kidney

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8
Q

what does glucocorticoid cortisol do when targeted by ACTH?

A

raises blood sugar

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9
Q

what do androgens DHEA and andro-stenodione do when targeted by ACTH?

A

can be coverted to testosteone and then estradiol

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10
Q

what is released after puberty and significantly more in men?

A

gonadotropin releasing hormone

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11
Q

FSH in females?

A

targets ovary and estradiol, matures follicle in order to release the egg

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12
Q

FSH in males?

A

targets seminferous tubules of testes to make sperm

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13
Q

LH in females?

A

in ovary for ovulation

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14
Q

LH in males?

A

testes in cells of leydig, targeting testosterone to help make sperm and secondary sex characteristics

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15
Q

what happens to women’s hormones after they give birth?

A

localized drop in dopamine levels

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16
Q

prolactin?

A

targets breast to make milk

17
Q

ADH

A

vasopressin. released to increase sodium in the blood (hyperatremia). reabsorbs water in DCT and CD of kidney by prinicipal cells by inserting aquaporins into membrane

18
Q

ADH leads to deficiency of what?

A

polyuria and polydypsia termed diabetes inspidus

19
Q

oxytocin

A

released in labor and during lactation, contracts uterus and mammary glands

20
Q

hormones of neurohypophysis?

A

ADH and oxytocin

Biochemistry (12 decks)

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