Nucleic Acid Flashcards
What are the three types of Nucleic acids
- DNA
- RNA
- ATP
What is DNA
DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid
- Store and transmit genetic material
- Contains instructions to make new proteins and organic molecules
What is RNA
RNA - Ribonucleic acid
- Translates DNA into function proteins
- Many types (tRNa mRNa rRNA)
What is ATP
ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate
• Stores energy in phosphate bonds
• Releases energy when converted to
ADP
polymers or monomers?
- nucleotide
- DNA and RNA
- ATP
Nucleotides (A T G C) are monomers, while DNA and RNA are polymer as they are long chains.
ATP is neither a monomer or a polymer, because it only has 3 repeating units
ATP structure
3 Phosphate groups, a nitrogenous base (adenine), and a sugar (ribose)
What is the nucleotide structure
- Nitrogenous base
- Pentose sugar
- Phosphate group
Pentose sugar
Is either deoxyribose (DNA) OR ribose (RNA)
Nitrogenous base
Purines (double ring)
- adenine (A)
- Guanine (G)
Pyramidines (single ring)
- Thymine (T) -> DNA only
- Cytosine (C)
- Uracil (U) -> RNA only
What bonds hold Nucleic acids
Phosphodiester bonds, which form between two nucleotide molecules through dehydration synthesis. The bond is occurs at the phosphate ground and the Pentose sugar
DNA formation
As each Nucleic acid bond with it each, through phosphodiester linkage, it create a long strand, the phosphate and sugar group are bonded together ( known as the backbone), and the nucleotides are attached to their base pairs, which bring two stands together bonded by hydrogen bonds
Type of bond created
Phosphodiester linkage
