Nuclear Power Generation Flashcards
Understanding the concept of Naval Nuclear Power
Name two advantages to Nuclear Power.
- Virtually unlimited cruising range (rarely requires refueling)
-Reduced reliance on outside air sources - Nuclear power allows ships to steam for long periods of time at high speeds.
- Less logistical support required while at sea
Name two disadvantages to Nuclear Power.
- Higher Initial Cost
- Higher Maintenance Cost
- Administration
- Public regulations
- Political unpopularity
- Significantly more personnel required for operation
- Required education
What is the primary function of a moderator in a nuclear reactor?
To reduce the speed of fast neutrons, making them thermal neutrons to sustain a nuclear chain reaction.
What are the three frequent types of radioactive decay?
Alpha decay, beta decay, and gamma decay.
What does the term “SCRAM” mean in nuclear reactor operations?
The rapid gravity-assisted spring insertion of control rods to shut down the reactor.
What material is commonly used as a moderator in Navy reactors?
Water (H2O).
What is the difference between critical, subcritical, and supercritical conditions in a nuclear reactor?
Critical (keff = 1), subcritical (keff < 1), and supercritical (keff > 1).
What is the purpose of control rods in a nuclear reactor?
To control the fission rate by absorbing neutrons.
Name one material used for control rods.
- Hafnium
- Cadmium
- Boron
What is meant by the term “neutron leakage”?
Neutrons that escape from the reactor without causing further fissions.
What is the half-life of a radioactive element?
The time required for half of a given number of radioactive atoms to disintegrate.
Why is U-235 commonly used as fuel in nuclear reactors?
It is relatively stable, likely to absorb a neutron, and readily undergoes fission.
What is the purpose of shielding in a nuclear reactor?
To reduce the intensity of radiation generated by reactor operation and decay of fission products to acceptable levels, protecting personnel and equipment.
What are the key functions of the reactor vessel in a nuclear power plant?
To act as a pressure boundary, store fuel, direct coolant flow, and facilitate heat transfer.
