Nuclear Chemistry TEST Flashcards
What is the term for when 2 smaller nuclei fuse to form a larger nucleus?
Fusion
What is the term for rods of Cadmium used to absorb neutrons and can speed up or slow sown the amount of energy produced?
Control Rods
What is the term for a way of detecting radiation that uses a phosphorus coated surface to detect radiation and gives off bright flashes to light when struck by ionizing radiation ?
Scintillation Counter
What is the term for the isotopes with unstable nuclei?
Radioactive isotopes
What is the term for pellets of Uranium used to create power for nuclear power plants?
Fuel Rods
What is the term for when nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons splitting the nucleus into smaller fragments?
Fission
What is the term for the form of radiation that consists of helium nuclei that have been emitted from a radioactive source that has a 2+ charge?
Alpha Particles
What is the term for the time required for 1/2 of the atoms of a radioisotope to emit radiation and to decay the product?
half life
What is the term for a form of radiation with fast moving electrons for a decomposing neutron?
Beta Particles
What is the term for by products of a nuclear power plant?
Nuclear Waste
What is the term for the part of the nuclear power plant where steam is changed to energy?
Generator
What is the term for a form of cancer caused by exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation?
Leukemia
What is the term for a relatively constant level of natural radiation that is always present around you?
Background radiation
What is the term for a gas filled metal tube used to detect radiation because when radiation enters the tube it produces audible clicks?
Geiger counter
What is the term for what radiation is measured in?
REM
What is the term for a form of radiation with no mass or no charge?
Gamma particles
What is the term for radiation that knocks off electron and produce ions?
Ionizing radiation
What is the term for the process where uranium gives off invisible rays?
Radioactive Decay
What is the term for a way of detecting radiation made of several layers of film with a black light proof film encased in a plastic or metal holder?
Film Badge
What are some sources of natural radiation?
rocks, soil and water
What is the source of energy in nuclear fission?
splitting of the nucleus
What is produced in nuclear fission?
2 small nuclei
What is one of the 2 ways used to control nuclear fission?
Nuclear absorption
What is it splitting the nucleus by using neutrons called?
fission
What is the natural form of nuclear fusion?
The sun and stars
What is the term for radioisotopes used to study chemical reactions and molecular structures?
tracers
What can be caused by exposure to radiation?
Cancer
What is a safe amount of REM?
.5mREM
What type of nuclear particle is the hardest to stop?
Gamma
What produces the most energy?
Fusion
Give an example of uncontrolled fission?
Atomic bomb
What type of instrument used in the US by x-ray and CT technologist to measure the amount of radiation they are exposed to ?
Dosimeter
Who is credited with the discovery that uranium emits invisible rays?
Antoine Henri Becquerel
What is the danger level for an individual using a dosimeter?
5000mREM
Be able to fill in the Alpha, Beta Gamma chart
See your notes
Be able to complete half-life problems
See Mrs. krumpelman for help
Be able to fill in a graph for a half life problem
See Mrs. Krumpelman for help
