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Chemistry Unit 3 > Nuclear Chemistry > Flashcards

Nuclear Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a radioisotope?

A

An unstable isotope which emits radiation from its Nucleus in order to become more stable.

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2
Q

What are the three most common types of radiation?

A

Alpha, Beta and Gamma

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3
Q

What is the mass of an alpha particle?

A

4

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4
Q

What is the atomic number of an alpha particle?

A

(+)2

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5
Q

What is the mass of a beta particle?

A

0

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6
Q

What is the atomic number/charge of a beta particle?

A

-1

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7
Q

What is the mass of a gamma ray?

A

0

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8
Q

What is the atomic number/charge of a gamma ray?

A

0

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9
Q

How far can an alpha particle travel and how are they stopped?

A

A few centimetres in air and are stopped by a piece of paper

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10
Q

How far can a beta particle travel and how are they stopped?

A

Over a metre in air and are stopped by a thin sheet of aluminium

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11
Q

How far can a gamma ray travel and how are they stopped?

A

Great distances in air and are stopped by barriers made of materials such as lead or concrete

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12
Q

What are alpha particles attracted towards?

A

A negatively charged plate

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13
Q

What are beta particles attracted towards?

A

A positively charged plate

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14
Q

What are beta particles?

A

Electrons ejected from the nucleus of an atom

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15
Q

What are gamma rays?

A

Electromagnetic waves emitted from within the nucleus of an atom

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16
Q

What can be said about particle size and ionising?

A

Smaller particles can travel further but ionise less whereas larger particles can travel a lesser distance but ionise more

17
Q

What is the effect of alpha particles on humans?

A

Cause the most damage but only if the radioactive isotope gets inside our bodies

18
Q

What is the effects of gamma rays on humans?

A

Cuse the least amount of damage but can pass through our bodies easily and so can damage a larger area

19
Q

What is the effects of beta particles on humans?

A

Somewhere in between gamma rays and alpha particles

20
Q

What is the half life of a radioisotope?

A

The time taken for half of the sample to decay

Chemistry Unit 3 (6 decks)

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