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Chemistry Unit 3 > Fertilisers > Flashcards

Fertilisers Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the essential elements for plant growth?

A

Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium

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2
Q

What is the chemical formula for ammonia?

A

NH3

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3
Q

What is the only non-metal compound which dissolves to produce an alkaline solution?

A

Ammonia

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4
Q

What is the shape of a molecule of ammonia?

A

Trigonal pyramidal

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5
Q

What is the chemical formula for Nitric Acid?

A

HNO3

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6
Q

What are fertilisers used for?

A

To replace the loss of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium when crops are harvested

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7
Q

What are the two compounds used to produce soluble salts which contain Nitrogen?

A

Ammonia and Nitric Acid

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8
Q

What is the Haber process used for?

A

To produce the ammonia required for fertiliser production

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9
Q

What is the overall chemical equation that takes place during the Haber process?

A

N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) 🔄 2NH3 (g)

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10
Q

What type of catalyst is used during the Haber process?

A

An iron catalyst

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11
Q

What is the temperature required during the haber process?

A

Approximately 450°C

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12
Q

What is the pressure level required during the Haber process?

A

200 atmospheres

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13
Q

What is the starting material for the commercial production of Nitric Acid?

A

The ammonia produced by the Haber process

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14
Q

What does the Otswald Process use as starting materials aswell as ammonia?

A

Oxygen and Water

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15
Q

What is stage 1 of the Otswald Process?

A

Ammonia reacts with oxygen to produce Nitrogen monoxide. (Uses a platinum catalyst)

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16
Q

What is stage 2 of the Otswald Process?

A

Nitrogen monoxide reacts with more oxygen to produce Nitrogen dioxide

17
Q

What is stage 3 of the Otswald Process?

A

Nitrogen dioxide reacts further with oxygen and water to produce Nitric Acid

18
Q

What salt is formed when ammonia and Nitric acid react together?

A

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)

19
Q

Why is ammonium nitrate the perfect substanc to be added to fertilisers?

A

It is a soluble salt containing Nitrogen

Chemistry Unit 3 (6 decks)

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