NSPs In monogastrics Flashcards
What is crude fibre?
Cellulose and lignin
Crude fibre values are highly variable depending on the nature of the ingredients
What is neutral detergent fibre?
Cellulose , hemicellulose, Lignin
What is acid detergent fibre?
Cellulose and lignin
What are non-starch polysaccharides?
Cellulose, hemi cellulose, pectin
What is the chemical definition for fibre?
Fibre is non-starch polysaccharides and lignin
Are lignins carbohydrates?
No, they are not
What non-starch polysaccharides are soluble name all three?
Pentosan, beta glucans, pectins
What non-starch polysaccharides are in soluble hint there is only one
Cellulose
What three things are wrong with soluble non-starch polysaccharides?
1.bird/pig enzymes can’t degrade non-starch polysaccharides
2.they are hydroscopic meaning they draw water into the gut and hold it there
3.form a viscous digesta
What contains pentosan and what problems do they have?
Rye and wheat
they retain water in the lumen making the contents more viscous, the viscosity is thought to alter the rate of the passage of digestive and the microbial ecology. In the gut, it reduces the effectiveness of mixing digestion, enzymes and absorption of nutrients in the wall of the small intestine.
When a diet contains Pentance, there is a significant reduction in the digestibility of key nutrients
What contains beta glucans and what problems do they have?
Barley
Monogastric animals are unable to digest beta glue cans because they do not secrete beta glucanases into the GIT. The anti nutritive effect on monogastric is considered to be the same as that of pentosan.
What contains pectins and what problems do they have?
Grain legumes for example, lupines and soya beans
They can cause potential side-effects such as gas, bloating or abdominal discomfort and can also affect digestion in some cases
What are the four avenues to overcome anti-nutrient effects in NSP?
Water treatment – the NSP can be washed from the grain or moisten to activate the enzymes
Ageing – new season wheat has been found to have a lower AME value which increases with storage time which gradually make them more digestible
Enzyme supplementation – if microbial enzyme preparations are added to the feed these become active in the intestine and assist in the degradation of NSP’s
Antibiotic edition – antibiotics have been shown to be effective in reducing the anti-nutritive effect of NSP
