NSAIDs and LA Flashcards
1
Q
What are the types of NSAIDS
A
Aims to stop prostaglandins COX-1 -Inflammation -Pain -Fever -Gut integrity promotes -Platelet aggregation increases COX-2 - Inflammation -Pain -Fever -Joints promotes -Platelet aggregation decreased
2
Q
Name the popular NSAIDS
A
Aspirin -Mainly COX-1 Inhibitor -Stops inflammation, pain and fever -reduces GI integrity and stops platelet aggregation Ibuprofen -Inhibits COX-1 and 2 Celecoxib -Inhibits COX-2 selective -Stops inflammation, pain and fever -reduces joint inflammation such as RA -promotes platelet aggregation
3
Q
What are some Side effects of NSAIDS
A
COX-1 Aspirin -GI upset and bleeding (taken with food may reduce) -prevents blood clotting COX-2 Celecoxib -increase blood clotting COX-1 &2 Ibuprofen -acute renal disease with long term use
4
Q
What are LA?
A
- Reversible interrupt impulse conduction of Peripheral nerves
- Block Na channels
5
Q
What are some precautions of LA use?
A
- Allergies
- Inflammation
- Anti coagulated pt
- neuromuscular or neurological diseases
- Hepatic function
- Elderly and babies
6
Q
What does adrenaline do in LA?
A
- Prolongs block
- Haemostasis
- Used to reduce the bleeding
- Nail surgery a Tourniquet is fine
7
Q
What are the properties of Lidocaine?
A
Max dosages -Adults: 3mg/kg up to 200mg -7mg/kg up to 500mg when combo with adrenaline Fast acting Short minimally invasive procedures
8
Q
What are some ways to reduce pain and anxiety prior to LA injection?
A
- Topical LA
- Technique
- Oral pain relief
- Calm and comfortable area
- Communicate with pt
- Distract Pt
- take anti anxiety pill before surgery
9
Q
How to find information of Drugs?
A
AMH
-Interaction, indications and contraindications
Therapeutic Guidelines
- Recommended dosages and schedules
- Condition specific
MIMS
- Cost of medications
- Content and packaging of Medications
10
Q
What is a Schedule?
A
Schedule 2,3 and 4 for Podiatrists
S2
- pharmacy medicine
- Topical antifungal
- Diclofenac gel
S3
- Substances that are safe but requires professional advice
- Diclofenac tablets
- Hydrocortisone
S4
-prescription only medicines
11
Q
What are some S4 Podiatric Medicines?
A
- Antimycotic, Terbinafine oral
- Antibiotic, amoxicillin
- Ant inflammatory, Injectable corticosteroids
- Pain management, codeine
- LA
- Anti anxiety, lorazepam
12
Q
What are some considerations to think about before prescribing?
A
- Interaction with food or drugs
- factors affecting excretion and metabolism
- active metabolite
- route of administration
13
Q
What is the triple whammy effect?
A
- ACE inhibitor/ARB + Diuretic + NSAIDS
- Most common causes of acute kidney failure
- Common Pt Hx CHF, hypertension and arthritis
