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HSC > N.S Pathologies > Flashcards

N.S Pathologies Flashcards

1
Q

Subdural Hematoma

A

Results from the tearing of veins between the dura and arachnoid membranes
It often is the result of blunt trauma

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2
Q

Epidural Hematoma

A

Occurs between the skull and the dura
Result of a ruptured meningeal artery, usually after a fracture of the skull

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3
Q

Hydrocephalus

A

Abnormal accumulation of fluid (CSF) in the brain

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4
Q

Spina bifida

A

Congenital defects in the lumbas spinal column caused by imperfect union of vertebral parts (neural tube defect)

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5
Q

Myelomeningocele

A

The spinal cord and meninges protude outside of the body

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6
Q

Epilepsy

A

Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity

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7
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

MS

A

Destruction of the myelin sheath on neurons in the CNS and its replacement by plaques of sclerotic (hard) tissue.

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8
Q

Demyelination

A

Loss of myelin insulation

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9
Q

Parkinson’s

A

Degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia, ocurrig in later life and leading to tremors, weakness of muscles, and slowness of movement

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10
Q

Brain tumor

Gliomas

A

Abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges
most primary tumors arise from glial cells

Astrocytoma is the most malignant form of gliomas

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11
Q

CVA

cerebrovascular accident

A

Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke

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12
Q

Thrombotic strokes

A

they’re caused by atheromatous plaques that occlude cerebral arteries

treated with tPA

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13
Q

Hemorrhagic strokes

A

they’re caused by cerebral arterial wall rupture

treated with tPA

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14
Q

Embolitic stroke

A

They’re caused by dislodged thrombi (emboli) that occlude cerebral arteries

treated with tPA

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15
Q

Absence seizure

A

Form of seizure consisting of momentary clouding of consciousness and loss of awareness of surroundings

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16
Q

Aneurysm

A

Enlarged, weakened area in an arterial wall, which may rupture, leading to hemorrhage and CVA (stroke)

17
Q

Embolus

A

Clot of material that travels through the bloodstream and suddenly blocks a vessel

18
Q

Occlusion

A

Blockage

19
Q

TIA

A

Transient ischemic attack
Characterized by a limited time course of neurologic deficits

20
Q

Tonic-clonic seizure

A

Major convulsive seizure marked by sudden loss of consciousness, stiffening of musces, and twitching and jerking movements.

HSC (4 decks)

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