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PSA > Notion bits > Flashcards

Notion bits Flashcards

1
Q

formula for volume dose concentration?

A

volume (ml) = dose (mg) / concentration (mg/ml)

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2
Q

formula for rate?

A

rate (volume per time ml/hour) = dose per time/ cocnentration

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3
Q

5% =

A

5 g in 100ml

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4
Q

1:1000 =?

A

1g in 1000ml

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5
Q

example of lMWH 3

A

enoxaparin
dalteparin
tinzaparain

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6
Q

alternative for lMWH if renal failure

A

UFH

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7
Q

example of combined HRT name?

A

EVOREL conti / sequi

estradiol with norethisterone

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8
Q

2 types of emergency contraction

A

levonestregel UPSE <72 hours

ulipristal acetate ellaone UPSE < 120 hours

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9
Q

contraindication for ella one?

A

asthma

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10
Q

when can you restart COCP after ellaOne?

A

5 days after

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11
Q

example of COCP name

example of POP name

A

micrognynon

desogesterol

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12
Q

quick hack to confirm link between side effect and drug?

A

drug AND side effect

eg:

pioglitazone AND heart failure

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13
Q

contraindication to prescribing metformin for T2DM?

A

redcued kidney function eg: cratinin > 150

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14
Q

example of antacids?

A

magnesium carbonate

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15
Q

mx of:

  1. hypoK
  2. hyperK
A

hypoK:
0.9% NaCl/ 0.3% KCL 1000ml over 4 hours

hyperK

  1. 10% calcium gluconate 30ml over 10minutes
  2. insulin + glucose
  3. salbutamol
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15
Q

effect on weight:
- metformin
- gliptins DPP4
- sulfonurea
- pioglitazone
- SGLT2
- GLP1

A

weight neutral
- metformin
- DDPI gliptins
- sglt2

INCREASE weight
- sulfongurea
- pioglitazone

lose weight
- GLP1 eg: glutide

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16
Q

monitoring fOR:
- LMWH
- UFH
- NOAC
- warfarin

A

lmwh = anti factor Xa

UFH = aPTT

noac = clinical

warfainr = INR

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17
Q

mx of:
1. hypoCa
- features?

  1. hyperCa
A

hypoCa
= 10% calcium gluconate 10ml over 10 minutes

  • CATS go numb = convulsions, arrhythmias, troussers and chovsteks sign, numbness, tetany, long QT

hyperCa
= 1000ml 0.9% NaCl over 4 hours

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18
Q

contradincation of nitrofurantoin use for UTI?

A

3rd trimester of pregnancy = neonatal haemoysis

amoxicillin better

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19
Q

risk of HRT

A

Breast cancer
endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer
VTE stop 4-6 weeks before surgery
stroke
CAD

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20
Q

uterus inact and LMP <12 MONTHS

A

eg: oral sequential combined oestrogne + progesterone (elleste duet) OR patch sequential combined O+P (evorel sequi)

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21
Q

uterus inact + LMP >12 m

A

oral continous combined oestrogen + progesterone (elleste duet conti)

OR

patch comtinous combined O+ P (evorel conti)

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22
Q

post hysterectomy HRT?

A

oral or patch oestrogen (elleste-solo)

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23
Q

mx of vasomotor symptoms of someone that cant take HRT?

A

clonidine

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24
Q

menopausal atrophic vaginitis mx

A

topical vaginal oestrogen eg: pessary or ring

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25
Q

brand name of:
1. oral combined cyclical HRT

  1. patch combined cyclical HRT
  2. oral combined continous HRT
  3. patch combined continous HRT
  4. oral or patch oestrogen only
A
  1. elleste-duet
  2. evorel sequi
  3. elleste -duet conti
  4. evoral conti
  5. elleste solo
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26
Q

acute tratment of migraine

prevention?

A

no aura = ibuporfen or aspirin

aura = sumatriptan

prevention = propanolol

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27
Q

anti-emetic for hyperemesis gravidarum

A

promethazine

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28
Q

fluid replacement in low urine output (no obstruction or shock)

A

1L over 2-4 hours

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29
Q

signs of antimuscarinic toxicity

A

dry mouth
dilated pupils
loss of accomodation
tachycardia

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30
Q

drugs that cause acute confusion in elderly?

A

benzo
opiods
cyclizine
metoclopramide
anticholingerics
steroids

31
Q

when to withhold mtx?

A

Active infections= BM suppression

32
Q

example of drugs in mcg?p

A

levothyroxin
tamsulosin
GTN
nalxone
digoxin
fludrocoritson

33
Q

example of medicaiton in grams?

A

paracetamol
lithium
NAC

34
Q

medications given weekly 3

A

bisohpohonates
MTX
folic acid patch

35
Q

2 drugs most likely to cause hypoG

A

sulfonurea
insulin

36
Q

drugs likely to cause hyperG 5

A

steroids
beta blockers
anitpsycohtics
thiazides
tacrolimus

37
Q

drugs cause diarrhoea 5

A

metformin
colchiine
PPI
abx
antacids with mg

38
Q

drugs cause:
- urinary retention

  • urinary incontinence
A

retention: opioids / tca

incontinence = alpha blockers, diuretics, clozapine, ACh e inhbitors

39
Q

durgs cause osteoporosis

A

steroids
ppi
LHRH agonsits eg: goserlin

40
Q

2 drugs cause hyperNa

A

lithium
democlocyline

41
Q

what medication should be stop if intercurrent illness?

A

metofrmin
statins
gliflozins

42
Q

medications worsen parkinosns disease? 3

A

a/p eg: haloperidol
metoclopramide
antidepressants

43
Q

medications worsen myasthenia gravis 4

A

beta blockers
LA
abx
sedating drugs

44
Q

drugs worsen psoarisi

A

lithium
bb

45
Q

drugs that worsen heart failrue

A

CCB
Nsaids
pioglitzones

46
Q

causes of drug induced neutropneia 2

A

carbimazole

carbamezapine

47
Q

agitaiton medication safe in PD

A

domperidone
quietiapine

48
Q

folic acid for high and low risk pregnancy

A

high risk = 5 mg till 12 weeks pregnancy

low risk = 400mcg

49
Q

when to avoid nitrofurantoin

A

when egfr < 45

50
Q

statin and clarithryomcin mx?

A

stop statin

51
Q

risks associated with tamoxifen? 3

A

endometrial cancer
VTE
increase efficacy fo warfarin = increse INR

52
Q

ADR of metronidazole + alcohol

A

fulminant n&v

53
Q

ADR warfarin + acute alchoo

A

inhibitor = increases INRI

54
Q

ADR warfarin + chronic alchol

A

inducer = reeuce effect warfarin

55
Q

interactions with statins?

A

clarithromycin
erythromycin

56
Q

ACEi and u&e?

A

= small rise in creatinin <20% expected = DONT NEED INVESTGIATION OR CHANGE IN PRESCRIPTION

  • REPEAT in 1 week
57
Q

drug assoicated with floopy iris syndrome

A

tamsulosin

58
Q

monitoring for amiodarone

A

TSH
CXR
LFT

59
Q

Montirong for clozapine

A

FBC = agranuocysosis

60
Q

response to pneumonia and abx?

A

RR

61
Q

rsponse to UTI and abx?

A

clinially improveing

62
Q

monitoring of steroids in kids?

A

hiehg and weight = stunted growth

63
Q

how can steroids affect neurophil count?

A

raised neutrophils

64
Q

medications that lower neutrophil count

A

carbimazole
clozapine

65
Q

drug induced cholestasis causes 5

A

flufloxacillin
nitrofurantoin
co-amox
steroids
sulfonureas

66
Q

3 causes of drug induced hepatitis

A

paraceamol
steroids
rifampicin

67
Q

features of digoxin toxicity

A

confusion
nausea
visual halos
arrthymia

68
Q

features of phenyotin toxicity

A

gum hypertrophy
ataxia
nystagmus
teratogeni
peripheral neuropathy

69
Q

example of broad spectrum abx for neutorpneia sepsis

A

IV tazocin

70
Q

what to increase insulin by?

A

10%

71
Q

statin management once target reached

A

= aim for after 3 months of treatment > 40 % reduction in HDL non

72
Q

statin and raised CK?

A

if 5 x upper limit or muscle symptoms severe

  • stop treatment
  • symtpoms resolve restart lower dose
73
Q

amiodarone + hyperThyrodisim mx?

A

withhold mediation

74
Q

steroids affect on WCC?

A

RAISED wcc + NORMAL crp

75
Q
A

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