Notion bits Flashcards
formula for volume dose concentration?
volume (ml) = dose (mg) / concentration (mg/ml)
formula for rate?
rate (volume per time ml/hour) = dose per time/ cocnentration
5% =
5 g in 100ml
1:1000 =?
1g in 1000ml
example of lMWH 3
enoxaparin
dalteparin
tinzaparain
alternative for lMWH if renal failure
UFH
example of combined HRT name?
EVOREL conti / sequi
estradiol with norethisterone
2 types of emergency contraction
levonestregel UPSE <72 hours
ulipristal acetate ellaone UPSE < 120 hours
contraindication for ella one?
asthma
when can you restart COCP after ellaOne?
5 days after
example of COCP name
example of POP name
micrognynon
desogesterol
quick hack to confirm link between side effect and drug?
drug AND side effect
eg:
pioglitazone AND heart failure
contraindication to prescribing metformin for T2DM?
redcued kidney function eg: cratinin > 150
example of antacids?
magnesium carbonate
mx of:
- hypoK
- hyperK
hypoK:
0.9% NaCl/ 0.3% KCL 1000ml over 4 hours
hyperK
- 10% calcium gluconate 30ml over 10minutes
- insulin + glucose
- salbutamol
effect on weight:
- metformin
- gliptins DPP4
- sulfonurea
- pioglitazone
- SGLT2
- GLP1
weight neutral
- metformin
- DDPI gliptins
- sglt2
INCREASE weight
- sulfongurea
- pioglitazone
lose weight
- GLP1 eg: glutide
monitoring fOR:
- LMWH
- UFH
- NOAC
- warfarin
lmwh = anti factor Xa
UFH = aPTT
noac = clinical
warfainr = INR
mx of:
1. hypoCa
- features?
- hyperCa
hypoCa
= 10% calcium gluconate 10ml over 10 minutes
- CATS go numb = convulsions, arrhythmias, troussers and chovsteks sign, numbness, tetany, long QT
hyperCa
= 1000ml 0.9% NaCl over 4 hours
contradincation of nitrofurantoin use for UTI?
3rd trimester of pregnancy = neonatal haemoysis
amoxicillin better
risk of HRT
Breast cancer
endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer
VTE stop 4-6 weeks before surgery
stroke
CAD
uterus inact and LMP <12 MONTHS
eg: oral sequential combined oestrogne + progesterone (elleste duet) OR patch sequential combined O+P (evorel sequi)
uterus inact + LMP >12 m
oral continous combined oestrogen + progesterone (elleste duet conti)
OR
patch comtinous combined O+ P (evorel conti)
post hysterectomy HRT?
oral or patch oestrogen (elleste-solo)
mx of vasomotor symptoms of someone that cant take HRT?
clonidine
menopausal atrophic vaginitis mx
topical vaginal oestrogen eg: pessary or ring
brand name of:
1. oral combined cyclical HRT
- patch combined cyclical HRT
- oral combined continous HRT
- patch combined continous HRT
- oral or patch oestrogen only
- elleste-duet
- evorel sequi
- elleste -duet conti
- evoral conti
- elleste solo
acute tratment of migraine
prevention?
no aura = ibuporfen or aspirin
aura = sumatriptan
prevention = propanolol
anti-emetic for hyperemesis gravidarum
promethazine
fluid replacement in low urine output (no obstruction or shock)
1L over 2-4 hours
signs of antimuscarinic toxicity
dry mouth
dilated pupils
loss of accomodation
tachycardia
drugs that cause acute confusion in elderly?
benzo
opiods
cyclizine
metoclopramide
anticholingerics
steroids
when to withhold mtx?
Active infections= BM suppression
example of drugs in mcg?p
levothyroxin
tamsulosin
GTN
nalxone
digoxin
fludrocoritson
example of medicaiton in grams?
paracetamol
lithium
NAC
medications given weekly 3
bisohpohonates
MTX
folic acid patch
2 drugs most likely to cause hypoG
sulfonurea
insulin
drugs likely to cause hyperG 5
steroids
beta blockers
anitpsycohtics
thiazides
tacrolimus
drugs cause diarrhoea 5
metformin
colchiine
PPI
abx
antacids with mg
drugs cause:
- urinary retention
- urinary incontinence
retention: opioids / tca
incontinence = alpha blockers, diuretics, clozapine, ACh e inhbitors
durgs cause osteoporosis
steroids
ppi
LHRH agonsits eg: goserlin
2 drugs cause hyperNa
lithium
democlocyline
what medication should be stop if intercurrent illness?
metofrmin
statins
gliflozins
medications worsen parkinosns disease? 3
a/p eg: haloperidol
metoclopramide
antidepressants
medications worsen myasthenia gravis 4
beta blockers
LA
abx
sedating drugs
drugs worsen psoarisi
lithium
bb
drugs that worsen heart failrue
CCB
Nsaids
pioglitzones
causes of drug induced neutropneia 2
carbimazole
carbamezapine
agitaiton medication safe in PD
domperidone
quietiapine
folic acid for high and low risk pregnancy
high risk = 5 mg till 12 weeks pregnancy
low risk = 400mcg
when to avoid nitrofurantoin
when egfr < 45
statin and clarithryomcin mx?
stop statin
risks associated with tamoxifen? 3
endometrial cancer
VTE
increase efficacy fo warfarin = increse INR
ADR of metronidazole + alcohol
fulminant n&v
ADR warfarin + acute alchoo
inhibitor = increases INRI
ADR warfarin + chronic alchol
inducer = reeuce effect warfarin
interactions with statins?
clarithromycin
erythromycin
ACEi and u&e?
= small rise in creatinin <20% expected = DONT NEED INVESTGIATION OR CHANGE IN PRESCRIPTION
- REPEAT in 1 week
drug assoicated with floopy iris syndrome
tamsulosin
monitoring for amiodarone
TSH
CXR
LFT
Montirong for clozapine
FBC = agranuocysosis
response to pneumonia and abx?
RR
rsponse to UTI and abx?
clinially improveing
monitoring of steroids in kids?
hiehg and weight = stunted growth
how can steroids affect neurophil count?
raised neutrophils
medications that lower neutrophil count
carbimazole
clozapine
drug induced cholestasis causes 5
flufloxacillin
nitrofurantoin
co-amox
steroids
sulfonureas
3 causes of drug induced hepatitis
paraceamol
steroids
rifampicin
features of digoxin toxicity
confusion
nausea
visual halos
arrthymia
features of phenyotin toxicity
gum hypertrophy
ataxia
nystagmus
teratogeni
peripheral neuropathy
example of broad spectrum abx for neutorpneia sepsis
IV tazocin
what to increase insulin by?
10%
statin management once target reached
= aim for after 3 months of treatment > 40 % reduction in HDL non
statin and raised CK?
if 5 x upper limit or muscle symptoms severe
- stop treatment
- symtpoms resolve restart lower dose
amiodarone + hyperThyrodisim mx?
withhold mediation
steroids affect on WCC?
RAISED wcc + NORMAL crp
