NOTES_1 Ch 30: Vital Signs - Temperature and Heart Flashcards
What is the acceptable temperature range for adults?
96.8-100.4
What is the acceptable respiration range for adults?
12-20 breaths/min
What is the acceptable pulse rate range for adults?
60-100 bp/min
What an acceptable blood pressure for adults?
<120/<80
Average oral/tympanic temp in adults is…
98.6
Average rectal temp in adults is…
99.5
Average axillary temp in adults is…
97.7
What are the four main vital signs?
- Temperature
- Pulse
- Blood Pressure
- Respiratory Rate / Oxygen Saturation
What is the occasional fifth vital sign?
Pain
How do we take a temperature?
With a thermometer
How do we take a pulse?
Palpate and count for 60 seconds
How do we take a respiration rate?
Count the number of breaths for 1 minute
With what do we take a blood pressure reading?
Sphygmomonometer
Temperature control is regulated by…
the hypothalamus
The anterior hypothalamus controls heat _____.
loss
The posterior hypothalamus controls heat _____.
production
Radiation is the transfer of…
heat from one surface to another
Convention is the transfer of heat by…
air.
A fan blowing on a surface promotes…
heat loss.
Conduction is the transfer of heat from…
one molecule to another of lower temperature
Dispursion of heat through air current is known as…
convection.
The continuous evaporation of moisture from the respiratory tract, oral mucosa and skin is known as…
insensible heat/water loss
What is Pyrexia?
A fever
Acetametaphin is a(n)…
antipyretic
An antipyretic works against…
fever
Name 5 methods of assessing temperature and the cautions of each.
- Orally; wait 20-30 mins after eating/drinking
- Temporal; Forehead, not reliable due to variables
- Tympanic Membrane; Watch for cerumen, eardrum and redness (indicating possible infection)
- Axillary; Surface reading, caution of seat, add 1 degree to reading
- Rectal; Contraindictions (should be used with those who have diarareah, rectal surgery, etc. Could effect cranial nerve 10
A.B.C. is an acronym for
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
A pt presenting a temp of 104°F with no diaphorisis may be symptomatic of
heatstroke
A pt presenting with high temp and profuse diaphoresis may be symptomatic of
heat exhaustion
Name ten heatstroke symptoms:
- giddiness
- confusion
- delerium
- excessive thirst
- nausea
- muscle cramps
- visual disturbances
- elevated temperature
- elevated heart rate
- low blood pressure