notes that I didn't know- quick review Flashcards

1
Q

transporter of fat solube vitamins

A

via protein

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2
Q

transporter of water soluble vitamins

A

via plasma

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3
Q

non pro vit A is ____

A

carotenoids

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4
Q

breakdown of B carotene in the S.I via ____ enzyme

A

B-carotene dioxygenase

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5
Q

Night blindness is a deficiency of _____

A

11 cis retinal

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6
Q

Vit A deficiency will deplete ___ in the retina

A

retinyl ester

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7
Q

Retinal is bound to ____ and needs the mineral ___ to bind

A

bound to RENTINAL BINDING PROTEIN

need: Zn+

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8
Q

fxn of retinoic acid

A

differentiation of cells in cornea and conjunctiva

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9
Q

2 supp forms of Vit A

A

Retinyl palmitate

retinyl acetate

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10
Q

Rhodopsin = ____ + ____

A

11 cis retinal + opsin

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11
Q

An insufficient intake of Vit A will cause ____

A

Protein NRG malnutrition (PEM)

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12
Q

3 sx of Deficiency of Vit A

A

xeropthalmia
keratinization (toad skin)
follicular hyperkeratosis

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13
Q

Excess Vit A will cause ___ in fetal development

A

hydroencephalitis

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14
Q

Name the castcade of VitD3 formation

A

7-dehydrocholesterol –> cholecalciferol –> (liver) 25- hydroxy. –> (BAF- kidney) 1,25 (OH)2D

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15
Q

Vit D BAF

A

1,25 (OH)2D

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16
Q

Name Ca+ binding protein :____

FXN of it:____

A

Calbindin

stim. by : kidney 1,25(OH)2D
FXN: reabsorption of Ca+2 from the urine

17
Q

How does PTH help low serum levels of VitD

A

Low serum level of VitD –> trigger PTH–> 1-hydroxylase –> form more 1,25 (OH)2D –> release Ca+2 into serum

18
Q

High serum levels cause 1,25(OH)2D to be broken down into _____

A

24,25 (OH)2D by 24- hydroxylase

19
Q

fxn of Calcitonin with Vit D

Fxn of calbindin with Vit D

A

calcitonin : decr serum Ca+2 levels

Calbindin: incr erum Ca+2 levels

20
Q

(3) sx of excess VitD

A

Polyuria
polydipsia (vit D controls Insulin levels)
Ca+2 of soft tis

21
Q

(2) vitamers of Vit E

A

(4) tocopherol
(4) tocotrienol

d-form

22
Q

(4) fxn of Vit E

A

antioxidation
CoQ
Cytochrome P-450
Malondialldhyde

23
Q

location of vit B

A

mitocondria

24
Q

absorption of Vit E is ___

Storage location____

A

passive

adipose

25
Q

deficiency of Vit E is : ____

A

abetalipoproteinemia

– there is no B-apoprotein

26
Q

K1: ___
K2: __
K3: ____

A

K1: green veggies

K2: fermented

K3: drug

27
Q

endogenous form of Vit K is made in the ___

A

large intestines

28
Q

coenyme for vit K

its fxn:____

A

gamma-glutamic carboxylase

fxn: binds Ca+2 to bone

29
Q

Which two vit are needed to make “carboxylases”

A

Vit B7

Vit K

30
Q

Mineral needed for Vit K

A

Mg+

vitA needs Zn+

31
Q

Excess Vit K causes (3)

A

hemolysis
hyperbilirubinemia
K interference w/ CoQ (vit E)

32
Q

Excess K will interfer with ____

A

CoQ (vitE)

33
Q

Lipids ___ fat soluble vit. absorption

A

incr

34
Q

Vit A incr receptors for ___

A

1,25 (OH)2D

and enhances it

35
Q

Vit E & ____ enhance each other & are antioxidants

A

Se

36
Q

Major micronutrients :____mg per day

trace micronutrients:_____mg per day

A

major >100mg

Trace<100mg

37
Q

(4) major micronutrients

A

Ca+2, P, Na, K

38
Q

def: ______: body part measurement

A

anthropometry

39
Q

fat digestion occurs in the ____

by the ___ enzyme

A

location: SI

by the : pancreatic lipase