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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell-eating

A

Phagocytosis

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2
Q

Cell-drinking

A

Pinocytosis

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3
Q

Products from inside the cell are released through the membrane to the outside

A

Exocytosis

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4
Q

Splitting of glucose

A

Glycolysis

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5
Q

Citric acid cycle

A

Kreb cycle

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6
Q

Link of Photosynthesis which take place in the grana; produce ATP by photophosphorylation and split water, evolving oxygen and forming NADPH by transferring electrons from hydrogen to NADP

A

Light reactions

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7
Q

Occur in the stroma and use ATP for energy and NADPH for reducing power to form sugar from CO2 during carbon fixation; although light is not a requirement but requires ATP and NADPH.

A

Calvin cycle or Dark Reactions

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8
Q

Shows what elemets are in a compound and the number of its atoms

A

Chemical formula

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9
Q

Number of elements in the periodic table

A

118 yata

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10
Q

Gain or lose electrons between an non metal and a metal

A

Ionic bonding

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11
Q

Share of electrons between non metals only

A

Covalent bonding

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12
Q

In Ionic bonding, metals_____ electrons and non metals _____ electrons

A

Lose,Gain

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13
Q

Change Red litmus paper to Blue

A

Bases

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14
Q

Changes Blue litmus paper to Red

A

Acid

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15
Q

Term use for molecules with 2 atoms

A

Diatomic Molecules

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16
Q

Sour (acid or base?)

A

Acid

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17
Q

Bitter(acid or base?)

A

Bases

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18
Q

Patricles that settle at the bottom

A

Suspension

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19
Q

Has tyndall effect

A

Colloids

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20
Q

Has solute and solvent

A

Mixture

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21
Q

A unit that is usually used to express the measurement of an atom

A

Angstrom

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22
Q

Another unit used to express the measurement of an atom

A

Picometer

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23
Q

The energy required to remove an electron from isolated, gaseous atom or ion in its ground state.

A

Ionization energy

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24
Q

The amount of energy needed to remove the first electron from an atom

A

First ionization energy

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25
Q

The amount of energy needed to remove the second electron from an atom

A

Second ionization energy

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26
Q

Ionization energy ______ as atoms become smaller

A

Increases

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27
Q

Atomic radius _______ in the periodic table as you go up and right

A

Decreases

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28
Q

Ionization energy _______ in the periodic table as you go up and right

A

Increases

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29
Q

Metallic Property _______ in the periodic table as you go up and right

A

Decreases

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30
Q

The ability of atoms to lose electrons

A

Metallic property

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31
Q

The ability of the atom to gain or accept electrons

A

Non-metallic property

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32
Q

The energy released when an incoming electron is finally added to an isolated atom or neutral atom in its ground state.

A

Electron affinity

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33
Q

The attractive force of an atom for shared pair of electrons when chemically combined with another element.

A

Electronegativity

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34
Q

Electron afiinity _______ in the periodic table as you go up and right

A

Decreases

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35
Q

Electronegativity _______ in the periodic table as you go up and right

A

Increases

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36
Q

Devised the concept of electronegativity by using equations relating bond energies.

A

Linus Pauling

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37
Q

Material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of plasma membrane which buds off inside the cell to form a vessel containing indigested material.

A

Endocytosis

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38
Q

The single force that acts and causes a change in the state of motion of an object is known as the?

A

Net force or the resultant force

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39
Q

1 newton is equal to?

A

1 kg m/s^2

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40
Q

A push of pull

A

Force

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41
Q

A force which is applied to an object by another object or by a person. The direction of this force depends on how it is applied.

A

Applied Force

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42
Q

The support force exerted upon an object which is in contact with another stable object.

A

Normal Force

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43
Q

The force exerted by a surface as an object moves across it or makes an effort to move across it. It opposes the motion of the object.

A

Frictional Force

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44
Q

Special type of frictional force which acts upon objects as they travel through the air

A

Air Resistance

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45
Q

The force which is transmitted through a string, rope, or wire when it is pulled tight by forces acting at each end.

A

Tensional Force

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46
Q

The force exerted by a compressed or stretched spring upon any object that is attached to it.

A

Spring Force

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47
Q

The force with which the Earth, moon or other massive body attracts an object towards itself.

A

Force of Gravity

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48
Q

This is the force that exists between charges. It can be attractive or repulsive force.

A

Electrical Force

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49
Q

This is the force that exists in magnets. It is the force that makes magnets attract or repel objects

A

Magnetic Force

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50
Q

Three types of Friction

A

Static, Kinetic, Rolling

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51
Q

Friction present on objects that are about to move.

A

Static Friction

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52
Q

Friction present on objects that are moving

A

Kinetic Friction

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53
Q

State the law of Inertia

A

An object at rest tends to stay at rest, and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external net force

54
Q

Equilibrium of those objects that are moving with constant velocity

A

Dynamic Equilibrium

55
Q

Equilibrium of those objects that are at rest

A

Static Equilibrium

56
Q

Property of an object that resists change in state of motion

A

Inertia

57
Q

State the law of acceleration

A

The acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

58
Q

Fnet is equal to?

A

Mass times acceleration

59
Q

Formulas to solve Kinetic and Static Friction

A 
SF= Coefficient of Static friction times normal force
KF= Coefficient of Kinetic Friction times normal force
60
Q

Formula of Weight

A

Mass times gravitational acceleration (9.8 m/s^2)

61
Q

Contact forces

A

Applied, normal, frictional, air resistance, tensional and spring forces.

62
Q

Non-contact forces

A

Gravitational force, electrical force, and magnetic force

63
Q

State the law of interaction (action and reaction)

A

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

64
Q

True or False

Action and reaction always come in pairs

A

True

65
Q

True or False

Action and Reaction forces are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction

A

True

66
Q

Action and Reaction forces act on two different bodies

A

True

67
Q

Action and Reaction forces have the same line of action

A

True

68
Q

For a system to be in equilibrium, the net force must equal to?

A

Zero

69
Q

Formula for centripetal force

A

Mv^2/r

70
Q

Another formula for centripetal force

A

Fc= mass times centripetal acceleration

71
Q

Number of complete rotation or revolution per unit time

A

Frequency

72
Q

Formula for centripetal acceleration

A

V^2/r

73
Q

Formula for tangential speed

A

2 pi r/ period

74
Q

Motion that is always tangent to the circle

A

Tangential speed

75
Q

Equation for work

A

F cos theta times d

76
Q

Unit of Work

A

Joules

77
Q

Rate at which work is performed or energy is converted

A

Power

78
Q

Formula for power

A

Work/time

79
Q

A bar that rests on a turning point called fulcrum

A

Lever

80
Q

Are those with fulcrum in the middle

A

First class lever

81
Q

Are those with fulcrum on the end.

A

Second class lever

82
Q

Are those with fulcrum on the end as well but with the effort between load and pivot point

A

Third class lever

83
Q

Turning point in levers

A

Fulcrum

84
Q

A simple machine used to push two objects apart.

A

Wedge

85
Q

Variation of the inclined plane that winds around itself and has ridges that are used to lever and raise things as well as hold objects together.

A

Screw

86
Q

A modification of lever.

A

Wheel and Axle

87
Q

Made up of a wheel and a rope

A

Pulley

88
Q

Mechanical advantage is equal to

A

Load/effort =Weight/power

89
Q

Formula for efficiency

A

Useful energy output/energy input x100

90
Q

One newton meter is equal to how many joules?

A

1

91
Q

Formula for KE

A

1/2 mv^2

92
Q

Formula for PE

A

Mgh

93
Q

State Hooke’s Law

A

The amount of force is directly proportional to the amount of stretch or compression

94
Q

Energy stored in rubber bands

A

Elastic potential energy

95
Q

Formula for elastic potential energy

A

1/2 kx^2

96
Q

Formula for Mechanical Energy

A

KE+PEgrav+PEelas

97
Q

State the law of conservation of energy

A

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed, it can only be transformed from one form to another

98
Q

Measure of doing mechanical work

A

Mechanical power

99
Q

When the source is moving, the frequency of the sound that you hear is different, depending on your position with respect to the moving source. This phenomenon is called?

A

Doppler Effect

100
Q

Formulas for doppler effect when the obsever is moving towards a stationary source

A

f= fs (v/v-vs) where f is the frequency, fs is the frequency of sound waves, v is the velocity of sound waves and vs is the velocity of the source

101
Q

Please recite all the formulas of doppler effect

A

Depends on you :)

102
Q

Ability of an organism to produce its own light

A

Bioluminescence

103
Q

Amount of heat required to change the temperature of every 1 gram of water by 1 degree

A

Calorie

104
Q

What is the quantitiy of heat required to change the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by 1 degree

A

Specific heat

105
Q

What is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a body by 1K or 1 degree C

A

Heat Capacity

106
Q

If no net transfer of heat occurs between objects, then the objects are said to be in

A

Thermal equilibrium

107
Q

Farenheit discoverer

A

Daniel Gabriel Farenheit

108
Q

Celcius discoverer

A

Anders Celcius

109
Q

Kelvin discoverer

A

Kelvin Scale

110
Q

Why is Kelvin the absolute scale?

A

Because it has an absolute zero point

111
Q

Approach of determining the specific heat capacity of any material

A

Calorimetry

112
Q

Device usee in calorimetry

A

Calorimeter

113
Q

Molecules tend to move farther apart because of heat and increase in temperature. This phenomenon is called?

A

Thermal Expansion

114
Q

Equation for number of electric charge

A

q= ne

115
Q

Unit for measurement of current

A

Ampere

116
Q

1 ampere is equal to?

A

1 coulomb per second

117
Q

Equation for terminal voltage

A

Emf-internal voltage drop

118
Q

Volt is named after

A

Alessandro Volta

119
Q

A measure of the energy available to produce a flow of charges through a circuit

A

Voltage

120
Q

Equation for voltage

A

V= W/Q

121
Q

1 volt is equal to

A

1 joule of work per coulomb of charge

122
Q

The electrical phenomenon which always tend to oppose a change in electric current and which always converts some of the energy of current electricity into stored electromagnetic energy.

A

Inductance

123
Q

Electrical Phenomenon which always tend to oppose a change in voltage which always converts some of the energy of current electricity into stored electrostatic energy.

A

Capacitance

124
Q

Equation for capacitance

A

C= Q/V

125
Q

Unit of resistance

A

Ohm

126
Q

Circuit when one is turned off, the others are off too.

A

Series Circuit

127
Q

Cicuit when one is turned off, the others remains on

A

Parallel circuit

128
Q

Used to measure the current flowing through a part of an electric circuit.

A

Ammeter

129
Q

Used to measure the voltage between two different points in a circuit

A

Voltmeter

130
Q

Devices use to create a short circuit or an open circuit depending on it’s position.

A

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Science(Random) (4 decks)

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