Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tox > Notes pages 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Notes pages 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How is CO produced?

A

Incomplete oxidation of fossil feuls

*gas, wood, coal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

CO competes with __ for __ binding site in heme of reduced Hb to decrease O2 saturation of arterial blood. Causes tissue ___

A

oxygen
Iron
hypoxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CO forms __-Hb

A

Carboxy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

CO causes “__ __ Cyanosis”

A

Cherry red

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Primary target organs of CO

A

Brain
Increase Parkinson’s risk
Myocardium (Angina/MI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Initial Signs and symptoms of CO

A

Headache and confusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How to manage CO ingestion

A

100% O2 or hyperbaric O2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some Oxidizing agents?

A 
Nitrous Oxides
Nitrates
Nitrites
Chlorates
Some Medications
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Developmental deficiency of Methoglobin reductase in neonates can result in ___ (AKA ___ )if fertilizer (ammonium nitrate) contaminated well water is used to mix baby formula

A

Methglobinemia
Blue baby syndrome
*also aka Chocolate Cyanosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Strong acids cause ___ necrosis at site of contact with __ formation that prevents deep tissue damage.

A

Precipitative
Eschar
*Wash w/ running H2O for at least 15 min.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Strong bases cause ___ necrosis at the site of contact

A

Dissolution

  • NO Scar –> progressive, penetrative damage to underlying tissue is possible. H2O for at least 15 mins.
  • Wash w/ running
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Examples of Salicylates

A 
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
Sodium Salicylate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Salicylates are the drug of choice for ___

A

OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Salicylates inhibit ___ enzymes –> decreases ___ synthesis –> useful effects

A

COX

Prostaglandin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ihibition of COX 1 in gastric mucosa –> decreased __ –> __ __

A

mucous

gastric ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Salicylates are associated with ___ in children given aspirin for ___ ___

A

Reye’s

Viral fever

17
Q

Salicylates can aggravate __ __ by reducing ability of kidneys to excrete __ __

A

Gouty Arthriits

Uric Acid

18
Q

What is the major side effect of NSAIDs?

A

Gastric Ulcers

19
Q

Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Meds (SAIMs) are all related to ___. What are some examples?

A

Hydrocortisone

Cortisol, Prednisone, betamethasone, dexamethasone

20
Q

SAIMs inhibit ___ to prevent formation of __ __ –> decreases __ synthesis –> relief from s/s inflammation

A

Phospholipase A2
Arachadonic Acid
Prostaglandin

21
Q

Adverse Effects of SAIMs

A

Hyperglycemia (keeps insuling levels in blood high)
Redistribution of lipids from extermities to trunk, shoulders, and face –> thin extremities, trunkal obesity, moon face, buffalo hump (Cushing’s Dz)

22
Q

SAIMs have a Protein catabolic effect (to support ___ and ___) –> muscle ___ and difficulty ___.

A

gluconeogenesis
Hyperglycemia
wasting
healing

23
Q

What 2 things do SAIMs suppress?

A

Immunosuppression

Suppression of Pituitary-Adrenocortical Axis *Decreased ACTH secretion

Tox (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions