Notes Flashcards
Natural ligand
H2O, NH3, Cl-
All ligands are
lewis base
Because they have a pair of lone e- in their valence shell and have the ability to bind with the lewis acid (metal)
Complex bonds
bonds formed between lewis base and lewis acid
Spectroscopy
Study of the interaction between matter and radiated energy
Oxidation state
an indicator of the degree of oxidation of an atom in the chemical compound
Photochemistry
energy is put in to transfer e- to high energy orbital. Excess energy releases as light and the lowering of e- energy
Second law of thermodynamic
The entropy of an isolated system not in equilibrium will tend to increase over time, approaching a maximum value at equilibrium
Redox potential can use to measure ?
the potential of an electrochemical cell, the position of the equilibrium of a redox reaction or the direction in which an electrochemical reaction can proceed
Entropy
a system’s degree of disorder
Gibbs free energy
the amount of energy in the system which is free to do work at constant temperature and pressure
Unit for ΔG & ΔH
joules mol^-1
Units for ΔS
kJ mol^-1K^-1
Structural isomers-
molecules built with same atoms which are connected in different ways
Geometrical isomers
have same connectivity but different arrangement in space
Compounds of transition metal tend to colour
In complex ions of transition metals, d orbitals degenerate e- are spilt in energy and energy difference is established between the spilt e-. When white light is passed through a trans-metal complex solution, low energy e- will absorbed the light and promoted to higher energy level. Some visible light is absorbed, and the unabsorbed light is responsible for the colour observed.
