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NOTES Flashcards

1
Q

<p>Glucosuria is \_\_\_\_ in pregnancy</p>

A

<p>Glucosuria is normal in pregnancy</p>

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2
Q

<p>High levels of HbA2 + hypochromic anemia suggests \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>High levels of HbA2 + hypochromic anemia suggests Thalassemia</p>

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3
Q

<p>Mathe test:</p>

A

<p>Mathe test: kidney not moving in inspiration in a perinephric abscess.</p>

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4
Q

<p>Adjunctive Tx in resistant depression?</p>

A

<p>Lithium, 2nd gen antipsychotics, and triiodothyronine are adjunctive Tx in resistant depression.</p>

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5
Q

<p>Screening for ASx bacteuria is done in \_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Screening for ASx bacteuria is done in pregnant, renal transplant, and immunocompromised patients.</p>

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6
Q

<p>Immunization against HBV:</p>

A

<p>Immunization against HBV: Anti-HBs (+), all the rest are negative</p>

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7
Q

<p>Breast milk is deficient in \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Breast milk is deficient in vitamin D</p>

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8
Q

<p>Freckling in the axila =</p>

A

<p>Freckling in the axila = neurofibromatosis type 1</p>

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9
Q

<p>Weird, waking, wobbly (Hakim triad):</p>

A

<p>Weird, waking, wobbly (Hakim triad): Normal pressure hydrocephalus</p>

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10
Q

<p>Management for chronic insomnia.</p>

A

<p>Cognitive behavioural stress management is the best management for chronic insomnia.</p>

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11
Q

<p>MTDZ and ceftriaxone are contraindicated in breastfeeding women</p>

A

<p>MTDZ and ceftriaxone are contraindicated in breastfeeding women</p>

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12
Q

<p>HLA-B27 --> PAIR</p>

A

<p>HLA-B27 --> PAIR Psoriatic arthritis, Ankylosis spondylitis, IBD, Reactive arthritis</p>

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13
Q

<p>Eczema + malabsorption syndrome =</p>

A

<p>Eczema + malabsorption syndrome = Celiac disease (dx IgA transglutaminase)</p>

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14
Q

<p>PPIs impair the absorption of \_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>PPIs impair the absorption of Ca++</p>

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15
Q

<p>Neonate HR < 60 =</p>

A

<p>Neonate HR < 60 = compressions</p>

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16
Q

<p>Amenorrhea + hypergonadotropism + hypoestrogenism =</p>

A

<p>Amenorrhea + hypergonadotropism + hypoestrogenism = Premature ovarian failue</p>

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17
Q

<p>Differecnes between Oppositional defiant disorder and Conduct disorder</p>

A

<p>Oppositional defiant disorder fight authority DO NOT hurt peers. Conduct disorder fight authority AND hurt peers</p>

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18
Q

<p>If stoke while on ASA--> Tx with \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>If stoke while on ASA--> Tx with dipyridamole</p>

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19
Q

<p>Corticoid regimes that are more likely to suppress the axis?</p>

A

<p>Late night doses of corticoid are more likely to suppress the axis</p>

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20
Q

<p>Memory loss, changes in personality, changes in behaviour, aggression --></p>

A

<p>Memory loss, changes in personality, changes in behaviour, aggression --> encephalitis</p>

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21
Q

<p>Nebulized ipratropium may cause blurred vision</p>

A

<p>Nebulized ipratropium may cause blurred vision</p>

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22
Q

<p>Alarm signs in irritable bowel is iron deficiency anemia</p>

A

<p>Alarm signs in irritable bowel is iron deficiency anemia</p>

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23
Q

<p>Medicine wheel:</p>

A

<p>Medicine wheel: mental, emotional, physical, spiritual</p>

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24
Q

<p>Fragile x:</p>

A

<p>Fragile x: most common inherited cause of intellectual disability in males. Long forehead, large ears, long face.</p>

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25
Q

<p>Topiramate --> Increase risk of \_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Topiramate --> Increase risk of kidney stones</p>

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26
Q

<p>Late evening doses of corticoids increase the risk of suppressed adrenal secretion</p>

A

<p>Late evening doses of corticoids increase the risk of suppressed adrenal secretion</p>

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27
Q

<p>GERD should be managed more aggressively in males because an increased incidence of Barret's</p>

A

<p>GERD should be managed more aggressively in males because an increased incidence of Barret's</p>

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28
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_ levels should be normalized before hyperaldo investigations to avoid false-negative results.</p>

A

<p>K+ levels should be normalized before hyperaldo investigations to avoid false-negative results.</p>

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29
Q

<p>Mitral stenosis is a well-known cause of hemopthysis</p>

A

<p>Mitral stenosis is a well-known cause of hemopthysis</p>

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30
Q

<p>Management of 2nd or 3rd metatarsal fractures</p>

A

<p>2nd or 3rd metatarsal fractures are managed with ice, acetaminophen and resting.</p>

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31
Q

<p>Instrumental activities of daily living</p>

A

<p>Instrumental activities of daily living are not necessary for fundamental living but allow independence. E.g., taking meds, shopping groceries, driving.</p>

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32
Q

<p>Preeclampsia vs gestational HTN</p>

A

<p>HTN after 20 weeks of gestation + poteinuria = preeclampsia HTN after 20 weeks of gestation - proteinuria = gestational HTN</p>

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33
Q

<p>Erythema nodosum + cough + travelling to wooded area =</p>

A

<p>Erithema nodosum + cough + traveling to wooded area = histoplasmosis</p>

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34
Q

<p>30% of turner syndrome patients have hypothyroidism.</p>

A

<p>30% of turner syndrome patients have hypothyroidism.</p>

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35
Q

<p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment of choice is \_\_\_\_. Frist sign of improvement is \_\_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment of choice plasma exchange. Frist sign of improvement is improvement of neuro sx.</p>

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36
Q

<p>Achilles tendon rupture --> tx with \_\_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Achilles tendon rupture --> tx with immobilization x 2 weeks, walking boot and physio</p>

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37
Q

<p>Multiple sclerosis --> detrusor hyperactivity</p>

A

<p>Multiple sclerosis --> detrusor hyperactivity</p>

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38
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are first line tx in asthma</p>

A

<p>Corticosteroids are first line tx in asthma</p>

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39
Q

<p>LSIL vs ASCUS</p>

A

<p>LSIL --> Colpo or repeat in 6 months ASCUS --> HPV-DNA or repeat in 6 months</p>

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40
Q

<p>Urethral syndrome</p>

A

<p>Urethral syndrome: dysuria + pyuria + negative culture. Tx: doxycycline, azithromycin, erythromycin, levofloxacin</p>

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41
Q

<p>Quaternary prevention:</p>

A

<p>Quaternary prevention: action taken to protect patients from medical interventions that can cause more harm than good. E.g., prevent overmedication and iatrogenic harm</p>

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42
Q

<p>Spherocytosis is treated with \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Spherocytosis is treated with splenectomy</p>

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43
Q

<p>Avoid antibiotics in E.Choli diarrhea because of risk of release of shiga toxin</p>

A

<p>Avoid antibiotics in E.Choli diarrhea because of risk of release of shiga toxin</p>

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44
Q

<p>Eisenmerger syndrome has the highest mortality rates for pregnant women.</p>

A

<p>Eisenmerger syndrome has the highest mortality rates for pregnant women.</p>

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45
Q

<p>Neonate should gain \_\_\_\_ grams per day</p>

A

<p>Neonate should gain 20-30 grams per day</p>

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46
Q

<p>Estrogen-progesterone challenge not resulting in bleeding =</p>

A

<p>Estrogen-progesterone challenge not resulting in bleeding = asherman</p>

47
Q

<p>Pain in the scrotum that is relieved with elevation =</p>

A

<p>Pain in the scrotum that is relieved with elevation = epididymitis</p>

48
Q

<p>College teenager with pneumonia =</p>

A

<p>College teenager with pneumonia = mycoplasma</p>

49
Q

<p>Allopurinol vs Probenecid</p>

A

<p>Allopurinol for overproducers. Probenecid is for undersecretors.</p>

50
Q

<p>Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy</p>

A

<p>Hydration + HCO3 prevent contrast-induced nephropathy</p>

51
Q

<p>Pruritus when taking a shower with hot water =</p>

A

<p>Pruritus when taking a shower with hot water = Polycythemia vera</p>

52
Q

<p>Niacin increases \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Niacin increases glucose</p>

53
Q

<p>Young + hypertension + enlarged kidneys + family hx of early-onset hypertension =</p>

A

<p>Young + hypertension + enlarged kidneys + family hx of early-onset hypertension = polycystic kidney disease</p>

54
Q

<p>Velvelt hyperpigmentation =</p>

A

<p>Velvelt hyperpigmentation = acanthosis nigricans</p>

55
Q

<p>Clostridioides difficile =</p>

A

<p>Clostridioides difficile = clostridium difficile</p>

56
Q

<p>"Frozen shoulder" =</p>

A

<p>"Frozen shoulder" = adhesive capsulitis</p>

57
Q

<p>Stoll culture confirms the Dx of botulism</p>

A

<p>Stoll culture confirms the Dx of botulism</p>

58
Q

<p>Maternal Varicella IgG protects the baby</p>

A

<p>Maternal Varicella IgG protects the baby</p>

59
Q

<p>Azathriopine's side effect is decrease of \_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Azathriopine's side effect is decrease of WBC</p>

60
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_ is the most specific test to diagnose multiple myeloma</p>

A

<p>Bone marrow Bx is the most specific test to diagnose multiple myeloma</p>

61
Q

<p>Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs secondary to lung diseases like \_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs secondary to lung diseases like COPD, asthma, sarcoidosis, TBC, cystic fibrosis</p>

62
Q

<p>PID + sepsis/acute abdomen = Tx?</p>

A

<p>PID + sepsis/acute abdomen = surgery</p>

63
Q

<p>Risk factors of transient tachypnea of the newborn.</p>

A

<p>Maternal diabetes, maternal asthma, smoking, prematurity are risk factors of transient tachypnea of the newborn.</p>

64
Q

<p>Treatment of epiglotitis</p>

A

<p>Ceftriaxone is the treatment of epiglotitis</p>

65
Q

<p>Tx of choise on back pain if NSAIDs don't work</p>

A

<p>Cyclobenzaprina: Tx of choise on back pain if NSAIDs don't work</p>

66
Q

<p>Phase with highest drug failure rate?</p>

A

<p>Phase 2: Highest drug failure rate</p>

67
Q

<p>Most common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes?</p>

A

<p>Most common cause of lateral knee pain in athletes is iliotibial band syndrome. Noble test (+)</p>

68
Q

<p>Verapamil may cause hyperprolactinemia</p>

A

<p>Verapamil may cause hyperprolactinemia</p>

69
Q

<p>Megacolon in a patient with ulcerative colitis = tx?</p>

A

<p>Megacolon in a patient with ulcerative colitis = urgent surgery!</p>

70
Q

<p>Baby HR < 60 --> next step?</p>

A

<p>Baby HR < 60 --> compressions</p>

71
Q

<p>Lithium better than SSRIs in severe personality disorders</p>

A

<p>Lithium better than SSRIs in severe personality disorders</p>

72
Q

<p>Take bilateral x-ray of clavicles when suspecting fracture</p>

A

<p>Take bilateral x-ray of clavicles when suspecting fracture</p>

73
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are tx of choice in fistulizing Chron's</p>

A

<p>Anti-TNF (e.g., infliximab) are tx of choice in fistulizing Chron's</p>

74
Q

<p>History of heart-lung transplantation + SOB, wheezing, crackles =</p>

A

<p>History of heart-lung transplantation + SOB, wheezing, crackles = Bronchiolitis obliterans</p>

75
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_ meniscus tears are more common than \_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Medial meniscus tears are more common than lateral</p>

76
Q

<p>3-16 week-old baby with conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms =</p>

A

<p>3-16 week-old baby with conjunctivitis and respiratory symptoms = Chlamydia</p>

77
Q

<p>empiric tx for bacterial infection in neonates?</p>

A

<p>Ampi+Genta are empiric tx for bacterial infection in neonates.</p>

78
Q

<p>SNRIs (e.g., Venlafaxine) are a good 2nd choice for depression</p>

A

<p>SNRIs (e.g., Venlafaxine) are a good 2nd choice for depression</p>

79
Q

<p>Fixed splitting of S2 is Dx of \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Fixed splitting of S2 is Dx of atrial septal defect</p>

80
Q

<p>AAA < 5.5 are only treated conservatively.</p>

A

<p>AAA < 5.5 are only treated conservatively.</p>

81
Q

<p>Levodopa/carvidopa dose is \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Levodopa/carvidopa dose is 1 tab (25/100mg) TID</p>

82
Q

<p>The immediate cause of death on a certificate:</p>

A

<p>The immediate cause of death on a certificate: Injury or complication directly producing death.</p>

83
Q

<p>Anion gap =</p>

A

<p>Anion gap = Na - (Cl + HCO3)</p>

84
Q

<p>Omeprazole side effects:</p>

A

<p>Omeprazole side effects: decreased vit B12 absorption, increased risk of C dif colitis, increased risk of pneumonia, atrophic gastritis, exacerbation of lupus</p>

85
Q

<p>Brain tumor most common found in ventricular system =</p>

A

<p>Brain tumor most common found in ventricular system = ependymoma</p>

86
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_ has emerged as the tx of choice for social anxiety disorder</p>

A

<p>Paroxetina has emerged as the tx of choice for social anxiety disorder</p>

87
Q

<p>Fothergill sign =</p>

A

<p>Fothergill sign = when an abdominal mass does not pass midline nor changes its shape with valsalva = rectus sheath hematoma</p>

88
Q

<p>Antifreeze = ethylene glycol poisoning</p>

A

<p>Antifreeze = ethylene glycol poisoning</p>

89
Q

<p>Antifreeze/Ethylene glycol poisoning. Acid-base abnormality</p>

A

<p>Anion gap metabolic acidosis</p>

90
Q

<p>Normal anion gap =</p>

A

<p>Normal anion gap = 8-15</p>

91
Q

<p>Most common cause of jaundice in pregnancy?</p>

A

<p>Viral hepatitis</p>

92
Q

<p>Glasgow coma scale</p>

A

<p>Eye 4Verbal 5Movement 6</p>

93
Q

<p>Lung tumor + PTH + keratine pearls =</p>

A

<p>SCC</p>

94
Q

<p>Fluoroquinolones = increased risk for Achilles tendon rupture</p>

A

<p>Fluoroquinolones = increased risk for Achilles tendon rupture</p>

95
Q

<p>"Snowman in storm" on CxR =</p>

A

<p>Total anomalous venous return</p>

96
Q

<p>HTN in pregnancy. Tx?</p>

A

<p>Labetalol, methyldopa, nifedipine</p>

97
Q

<p>Henosh-Scholein purpura aka \_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Henosh-Scholein purpura aka IgA vasculitis</p>

98
Q

<p>Doxycycline is contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimester</p>

A

<p>Doxycycline is contraindicated in 2nd and 3rd trimester</p>

99
Q

<p>Coag test in Von Willebrand</p>

A

<p>PT normal, PTT ↑/normal, BT ↑</p>

100
Q

<p>Hematuria + hemoptisis =</p>

A

<p>Good-Pasteur syndrome (Dx. anti glomerular Antibodies)</p>

101
Q

<p>HyperCa++, Renal failure, Anemia, Bone pain, multiple infections</p>

A

<p>Multiple myeloma</p>

102
Q

<p>Pneumonia + hypoNa + BCYE culture =</p>

A

<p>Legionella</p>

103
Q

<p>Asbolute contraindication of OCPs</p>

A

<p>Migraine with aura</p>

104
Q

<p>Liver anzimes in ETOH abuse</p>

A

<p>↑ALT, ↑↑AST (2 x ALT)</p>

105
Q

<p>Primary amenorrhea + anosmia + normal anatomy =</p>

A

<p>Kallman syndrom (hypothalamic deficiency) Tx: GnRH</p>

106
Q

<p>Kawasaki AKA \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Kawasaki AKA necrotizing angiitis</p>

107
Q

<p>Hypocalcemia on ECG</p>

A

<p>prolonged QT</p>

108
Q

<p>Hypercalcemia on ECG</p>

A

<p>shortened QT</p>

109
Q

<p>Irregularly enhancing mass on CT of brain =</p>

A

<p>glioblastoma multiforme</p>

110
Q

<p>Ring-enhancing session on CT of brain =</p>

A

<p>brain abscess</p>

111
Q

<p>Primary syphilis is dx with \_\_\_\_\_</p>

A

<p>Primary syphilis is dx with dark field microscopy</p>

112
Q

<p>Right-lower abdominal pail + hyperCa =</p>

A

<p>ureterolithiasis</p>

113
Q

<p>\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ are associated with higher than expected BNP levels</p>

A

<p>Female sex, old age, CKD, cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism, sepsis, HTN are associated with higher than expected BNP levels</p>

Notes (4 decks)

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