NOSE Flashcards
what are the functions of the nose?
- warms and moistens air
- traps dirt
- provides air for respiration
- olfaction (smell)
what is the choanae?
opening between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx
what is the alae?
the lower lateral surface of the external nose
what makes up the roof of the nasal cavity?
cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone
what makes up the nasal septum?
superiorly- perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
inferiorly- vomer
anteriorly- septal cartilage
what makes up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?
ethmoid bone (superior and middle concha), maxilla, palatine and sphenoid
what makes up the floor of the nasal cavity?
hard palate which is made of the palatine process of the maxilla anteriorly and the palatine bone posteriorly
what is the area above the superior concha called?
spheno-ethmoid recess
what opens into the spheno-ethmoid recess?
the sphenoidal air cells
what bone are the superior and middle concha part of?
the ethmoid bone (inferior concha is a bone itself)
what are the areas below the concha called?
inferior, middle and superior meatus respectively
what enters into the superior meatus?
posterior ethmoid air cells
what enters into the inferior meatus?
nasolacrimal duct
what enters into the middle meatus?
maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, middle and anterior ethmoid air cells
what are the air-filled extensions of the nasal cavity?
paranasal sinuses
what is the role of paranasal sinuses?
increase resonance of speech and reduce weight of the head
what is the innervation of the frontal air sinus?
V1
what is the innervation of the maxillary sinus?
V2
what is the innervation of the sphenoid sinus?
V1 and 2
what is the innervation of the ethmoidal air cell?
V1
what are the borders of the nasopharynx?
sits above the soft palate which closes it off during swallowing- the roof consists of the basilar part of the occipital bone and the sphenoid bone
what are the collections of lymphoid tissue beneath the epithelium of the roof and posterior wall of the nasopharynx which are prominent in young but may regress in adulthood?
adenoids
what is the connection between the middle ear and the nasopharynx?
the eustachian tube
what is the role of the salpingopharyngeaus muscle?
opens the eustachian tube when we swallow to equalise the pressure between the ear and the pharynx
