FACE

Question 1

what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 1

V1- ophthalmic nerve
V2- maxillary nerve
V3- mandibular nerve

Question 2

what 2 branches of the ECA supply the face?

Answer 2

facial artery and superficial temporal artery

Question 3

what is the pathway of the facial artery?

Answer 3

ECA- facial artery- through the parotid gland- curves around the mandible- lies over the masseter on face- ends near medial aspect of the eye

Question 4

what is the pathway of the superficial temporal artery?

Answer 4

ECA- sta- over the zygomatic tubercle to the scalp and temporal region

Question 5

where do the facial and superficial temporal veins drain into?

Answer 5

IJV

Question 6

what are the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 6

orbicularis oculi (palpebral and orbital parts)
occipital and frontal bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle
buccinator
plantsman
orbicularis oris

Question 7

what is the function of the palpebral part of orbicularis oculi?

Answer 7

involuntary closure of the eyelids as a reflex mechanism

Question 8

what is the function of the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle?

Answer 8

retracts the scalp, unfurrowing the brow

Question 9

what is the function of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi?

Answer 9

voluntary closure of eyelids

Question 10

what is the function of the buccinator?

Answer 10

holds cheek to teeth and assists with chewing

Question 11

what is the function of platysma?

Answer 11

pulling down mandible- opens mouth and pulls lips out to side and down

Question 12

what is the function of orbicularis oris?

Answer 12

shaping of lips

Question 13

where do the muscles of facial expression lie?

Answer 13

superficial facia of the face and neck

Question 14

what nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?

Answer 14

facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 15

what is the pathway of the facial nerve?

Answer 15

passes through the stylomastoid foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone- then passes through the parotid gland where it splits into its terminal branches

Question 16

what are the terminal branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 16

temporal
zygomatic
buccal 
marginal mandibular
cervical

Question 17

what is the function of the parotid gland?

Answer 17

it secretes saliva into the mouth via the parotid duct

Question 18

what structures pass through the parotid gland?

Answer 18

facial nerve which branches inside
ECA which gives rise to posterior auricular artery and then splits into the maxillary and superficial temporal artery
retromandibular vein which arises due to the convergence of the maxillary and superficial temporal veins

Question 19

what is the pathway of the parotid duct?

Answer 19

runs forward from the parotid gland- superficial to the masseter muscle and then pierced the buccinator muscle to enter the oral cavity near the second upper molar

Question 20

what is the superior border of the parotid gland?

Answer 20

zygomatic arch

Question 21

what is the inferior border of the parotid gland?

Answer 21

inferior border of the mandible

Question 22

what is the anterior border of the parotid gland?

Answer 22

masseter muscle

Question 23

what is the posterior border of the parotid gland?

Answer 23

external ear and sterncleidomastoid

Question 24

what innervation does the parotid duct receive?

Answer 24

sensory and autonomic

Question 25

describe the autonomic innervation of the parotid gland.

Answer 25

it determines the rate of the salvia production
parasympathetic= increased production
sympathetic= decreased production via vasoconstriction

Question 26

describe the sensory innervation of the parotid gland.

Answer 26

supplied by the auriculotemporal nerve and the great auricular nerve