FACE Flashcards
what are the branches of the trigeminal nerve?
V1- ophthalmic nerve
V2- maxillary nerve
V3- mandibular nerve
what 2 branches of the ECA supply the face?
facial artery and superficial temporal artery
what is the pathway of the facial artery?
ECA- facial artery- through the parotid gland- curves around the mandible- lies over the masseter on face- ends near medial aspect of the eye
what is the pathway of the superficial temporal artery?
ECA- sta- over the zygomatic tubercle to the scalp and temporal region
where do the facial and superficial temporal veins drain into?
IJV
what are the muscles of facial expression?
orbicularis oculi (palpebral and orbital parts)
occipital and frontal bellies of the occipitofrontalis muscle
buccinator
plantsman
orbicularis oris
what is the function of the palpebral part of orbicularis oculi?
involuntary closure of the eyelids as a reflex mechanism
what is the function of the occipital belly of the occipitofrontalis muscle?
retracts the scalp, unfurrowing the brow
what is the function of the orbital part of the orbicularis oculi?
voluntary closure of eyelids
what is the function of the buccinator?
holds cheek to teeth and assists with chewing
what is the function of platysma?
pulling down mandible- opens mouth and pulls lips out to side and down
what is the function of orbicularis oris?
shaping of lips
where do the muscles of facial expression lie?
superficial facia of the face and neck
what nerve innervates the muscles of facial expression?
facial nerve (CN VII)
what is the pathway of the facial nerve?
passes through the stylomastoid foramen between the styloid and mastoid processes of the temporal bone- then passes through the parotid gland where it splits into its terminal branches
what are the terminal branches of the facial nerve?
temporal zygomatic buccal marginal mandibular cervical
what is the function of the parotid gland?
it secretes saliva into the mouth via the parotid duct
what structures pass through the parotid gland?
facial nerve which branches inside
ECA which gives rise to posterior auricular artery and then splits into the maxillary and superficial temporal artery
retromandibular vein which arises due to the convergence of the maxillary and superficial temporal veins
what is the pathway of the parotid duct?
runs forward from the parotid gland- superficial to the masseter muscle and then pierced the buccinator muscle to enter the oral cavity near the second upper molar
what is the superior border of the parotid gland?
zygomatic arch
what is the inferior border of the parotid gland?
inferior border of the mandible
what is the anterior border of the parotid gland?
masseter muscle
what is the posterior border of the parotid gland?
external ear and sterncleidomastoid
what innervation does the parotid duct receive?
sensory and autonomic
describe the autonomic innervation of the parotid gland.
it determines the rate of the salvia production
parasympathetic= increased production
sympathetic= decreased production via vasoconstriction
describe the sensory innervation of the parotid gland.
supplied by the auriculotemporal nerve and the great auricular nerve
