Norton - cardiomyopathy

Question 1

Three clinical, functional, pathologic patterns

Answer 1

Dilated
Hypertrophic
Restrictive

Question 2

dilated cardiomyopathy has what type of dysfunction

Answer 2

contractile - systolic

Question 3

Majority of cases of DCM

Answer 3

idiopathic

Question 4

Insults causing DCM

Answer 4

Coxsackie B
Enterovirus
Alcohol
Doxo (adriamycin) - chemo
Pregnancy
Genetic
Unknown

Question 5

Two things NOT seen in dilated cardiomyopathy

Answer 5

Valvular alterations

Coronary artery obstructions

Question 6

DCM - morphology

Answer 6

heavy heart
large, flabby
all chambers dilated
mural thrombi

Question 7

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has which type of dysfunction

Answer 7

diastolic filling

Question 8

Classic HCM

Answer 8

asymmetrical septal hypertrophy

presses into the left chamber

Question 9

HCM is most prominent in _____ area

Answer 9

subaortic

Question 10

what hypertrophies in HCM

Answer 10

endocardium - LV outflow tract and anterior mitral leaflet

Question 11

Microscopic morphology of HCM

Answer 11

Myocytes are
- hypertrophied
- disarrayed bundles
Fibrosis

Question 12

is the chamber larger or smaller in HCM?

Answer 12

smaller

Question 13

SV and compliance in HCM

Answer 13

reduced

impaired diastolic filling of LV,, hypertrophied LV

Question 14

Major complication of HCM

Answer 14

sudden death (athletes)

Question 15

clinical sx - HCM

Answer 15

Exertional dyspnea

Anginal pain

Question 16

Exertional dyspnea due to

Answer 16

dec CO

Inc Pulmonary venous pressure

Question 17

Anginal pain due to

Answer 17

focal myocardial ischemia

Question 18

what plays a primary role in development of myocardial injury

Answer 18

Inflammatory process

Question 19

1 cause of myocarditis

Answer 19

viruses (Cox A,B)

Question 20

Microscopic morphology - Myocarditis

Answer 20

Infiltrate of mononuclear cells

focal necrosis

Question 21

Florid myocarditis

Answer 21

MNC, PMNs, toxoplasma pseudocyst

Question 22

fluid accumulates slowly, less than 500ml

Answer 22

Globular enlargement

Question 23

fluid accumulates rapidly, greater than 500ml

Answer 23

Cardiac tamponade

Question 24

fibrinous pericarditis develops a

Answer 24

loud pericardial friction rub

Question 25

hemorrhagic pericarditis - etiology

Answer 25

TB or malignant neoplasm

Question 26

Constrictive pericarditis is encased in

Answer 26

dense scar

Question 27

is there hypertrophy or dilation of heart in constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 27

neither

Question 28

What is the issue in constrictive pericarditis?

Answer 28

• limits diastolic expansion

- Restricts CO