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T&D III exam 1 > Diuretics > Flashcards

Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Uses of Diuretics

A

Mobilize fluid
Excrete fluid
Excrete electrolytes

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2
Q

Example of CAI

A

Acetazolamide

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3
Q

Where does CAI act

A

proximal tubule

Luminal side

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4
Q

Therapeutic uses - CAI

A

Glaucoma
Mountain sickness

Urinary alkinization

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5
Q

ADR for CAI

A

Metabolic acidosis
Hypokalemia
Drowsiness
Hypersensitivity (sulfa drugs)

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6
Q

Main thiazide

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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7
Q

Related diuretics

A

Chlorthalidone
Indapamide
Metolazone

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8
Q

MOA - thiazides

A

Inhibition of luminal NaCl cotransport in distal tubule

decreases sodium reabsorption

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9
Q

Therapeutic uses - Thiazides

A

Hypertension

Nephrogenic DI

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10
Q

Which diuretics are effective even at low GFR rates?

A

Metolazone

Indapamide

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11
Q

ADR - Thiazides

A

Hypokalemia - digitaliz interaction

Hypersensitivity - suflonamide

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12
Q

Loop diuretics that are sulfonamide

A

Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide

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13
Q

Which loop diuretic can you use if sensitive to sulfonamide?

A

Ethacrynic Acid

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14
Q

MOA - loop diuretic

A

Inhibit sodium-potassium-chloride cotransport in ascending limb of loop of Henle

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15
Q

Most efficacious diuretic

A

Loop diuretic

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16
Q

loop diuretic - therpeutic uses

A

Acute pulmonary edema
Edema
Hypertension
Hypercalcemia

17
Q

ADR - Loop diuretic

A

Hypovolemia

Ototoxicity

18
Q

Hyperlipidemia is an ADR in which two drugs

A

Thiazides

loop diuretics

19
Q

Competitive antagonist at renal aldosterone receptors

A

Spironolactone

Eplerenone

20
Q

Absence of aldosterone can affect spironolactone and eplerenone in what way

A

makes them ineffective

21
Q

Therapeutic use for spironolactone

A

hepatic cirrhosis

prevent hypokalemia with K+ depleting diuretics

22
Q

Therapeutic use for eplerenone

A

Hypertension, CHF post MI

23
Q

ADR for ARA

A

Hyperkalemia

Gynecomastia

24
Q

What are two sodium channel blockers

A

Triamterene

Amiloride

25
Q

Use for Triamterene/Amiloride

A

preven hypokalemia of potassium depleting diuretics

26
Q

Toxicity - Triamterene/Amiloride

A

Hyperkalemia

27
Q

Main Osmotic diuretic

A

Mannitol

28
Q

What are other osmotic diuretic

A

Glycerol
Isosorbide
Urea

29
Q

ADR - osmotic diuretics

A

inc ECF volume

alter sodium and potassium blood levels

30
Q

Best for potassium excretion

A

CAI

31
Q

Best for urine volume, and sodium, potassium, calcium excretion

A

Loops

32
Q

No effect on Calcium excretion

A

Thiazides

T&D III exam 1 (11 decks)

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