North-South divide by 1850 Flashcards
What were views in the North vs South on tariffs?
North wanted high tariffs
South against tariffs
How did education differ North vs South?
North- ‘common schools’ meant that even the poorest had some form of schooling
South- plantation owners children were the only ones to receive any formal education
How did the economies of the north and south differ by 1850?
North- industries e.g. huge textiles factories, where it wasn’t very profitable to use slave labour
South- profitability of cotton increased after Whitney’s cotton gin invented 1793, economy almost entirely dependent on slave labour
What stereotypes were applied to north vs south?
N see S as a lazy, uneducated and violent population
S see N as money oriented and interfering, who didn’t prioritise family or religion
Population in north vs south 1850?
17 mil North
13 mil South (4 mil of which were slaves)
What was the biggest dividing issue between the north and south 1850?
SLAVERY
Has ended in the North but expanded in the South
How did views on government differ north vs south?
North- strong federal government
South- powerful state governments (e.g. Calhoun championing nullification theory)
What % of the world’s cotton was grown in the American South by 1850?
80%
How many enslaved people were there in the US by 1850?
3.2 million
How did transportation development differ sectionally by 1850?
North- 70% of nation’s 9000 miles of railroads, canals and improved roads
South- limited development, plantations connected to river ports
SOUTH ARE DEPENDENT ON NORTHERN SHIPPING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES
What were religious and cultural differences between the North and South by 1850?
North- Second Great Awakening, social reform movements (e.g. abolitionism), Quakers critical of slavery
South- evangelicalism, theological defence of slavery
