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Perio I > Normal perio > Flashcards

Normal perio Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of masticatory epithelium

A

Kerarinized, rete pegs

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2
Q

What are rete pegs?

A

Thickening fingers of epithelium into connective tissue

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3
Q

What holds tissue cells together?

A

desmosomes

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4
Q

Why would cells be parakeratinized?

A

Reactive tissue at healing sites

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5
Q

What are langerhan cells?

A

Dentritic antigen processing cells

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6
Q

What are the components of peridontium?

A

Gingiva (attached, unattached, interdental)
Cementum
Periodontal ligament
Alveolar supporting bone

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7
Q

What does the periodontal ligament do?

A

Anchors, Allows for movement, proprioception (biting etc)

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8
Q

What are the functions of periodontium in general?

what are the 5 functions?

A

Support
Shock absorber
Sensory reception
Nutrition

1) attach
2) resist
3) maintain
4) adjust
5) defend

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9
Q

What are the gingival epithelial components?

A 
Keratinocytes
Desmosomes
Tonofilaments
Basal lamina
Hemidesmosomes
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10
Q

What are the 4 anatomical areas of the gingiva?

A

Free gingiva margin
Gingival sulcus (pockets are diseased)
Interdental gingiva
Attached gingiva

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11
Q

What are the three types of oral mucosa?

A

Masticatory mucosa
Lining mucosa
Specialized mucosa

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12
Q

What gingival boundaries are there?

A

Free gingival line (between free gingiva and attached gingiva)

Mucogingival junction (between alveolar mucosa and attached gingiva)

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13
Q

Where is the free gingiva/gingival margin?

A

Snugly fitting around the tooth coronal to the CEJ

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14
Q

What part of the free gingiva is keratinized?

A

Inside is not, outside is

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15
Q

What are the two gingival biotypes?

A

Thin scalloped

Thick flat

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16
Q

3 stats of thin biotype gingiva

A

Mainly females
Slender teeth
Narrow zone of KG

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17
Q

3 stats of thick biotype gingiva

A

Mainly males
Quadratic teeth
Wide zone of KG

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18
Q

How deep is clinically a normal sulcus?

A

1-3 mm as measured by a probe

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19
Q

What forms the base of the sulcus?

A

Junctional epithelium

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20
Q

Characteristics of sulcular epithelium

A

Non keratinized

Semipermeable

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21
Q

What four things does gingival crevicular fluid do?

A

Cleanse gingival sulcus
Aids adhesion to tooth
Antimicrobial
Antibody activity to defend gingiva

22
Q

What causes fluid to flow into sulcus?

A

Osmotic pressure created by molecules and bacteria in sulcus

23
Q

Pre inflammatory GCF fluid is?

A

Transduate-watery

24
Q

Inflammatory GCF fluid is?

A

Exudate-thicker, containing more cells

25
Q

What are the two compositional categories of GCF?

A

Enzymatic

Non enzymatic

26
Q

What are the enzymatic components of GCF split into?

A

Host derived

Bacteria derived

27
Q

What are the non enzymatic components of GCF split into?

A

Cellular components
Electrolytes
Organic components

28
Q

What is stippling?

A

Orange peel appearance which is a reflection of rete pegs

29
Q

What are the average width ranges for maxillary incisors and premolars?

A

Incisor: 3.5-4.4 mm
Premolars: 1.9 mm

30
Q

What are the average width ranges for mandibular incisors and premolars?

A

Incisors: 3.3-3.9 mm
Premolars: 1.8 mm

31
Q

What are the ridges called in palatal attached tissue?

A

Rugae

32
Q

What 3 factors largely determine shape of interdental gingiva?

A

1-relationship to teeth
2-genetics
3-state of health

33
Q

What contact distance from the bone is required for 100% interproximal fill of interdental gingiva?

A

5 mm or less

34
Q

Interdental gingiva papilla are less likely to fill interproximal space if the contact point is where?

A

6 mm or more

35
Q

What are the characteristics of a Col?

A

Depression between facial and lingual interdental gingiva
Center is not keratinized
More susceptible to disease

36
Q

What is junctional epithelium derived from?

A

Reduced enamel epithelium (REE)

37
Q

How long is the typical junctional

Epithelial cell length?

A

0.25-1.35 mm

38
Q

What are the two different laminas of the junctional epithelium?

A

Internal basal lamina (attaches to enamel)

External basal lamina (attaches to CT)

39
Q

What are the three main components of the basal laminas of junctional epithelium?

A

Lamina densa
Lamina Lucida
Hemidesmosomes

40
Q

What is the junctional epithelium reinforced by?

A

Dentogingival units made up of collagenous fibers

41
Q

What are the two distinct layers of the masticatory mucosal lamina propia?

A 
Papillary layer (in depressions between rete pegs)
Reticular layer (beneath rete pegs)
42
Q

What are the 4 main gingival fiber groups?

A

1- circular group
2- dentogingival group
3- dentoperiosteal group
4- alveologingival group

43
Q

What are the percentages of the major cellular elements in gingival CT?

A

Cells- approx 5%
Fibers- approx 65%
Ground substance, proteoglycans etc. remainder

44
Q

What fiber types are present in gingival CT?

A

Collagen (types 1 and 2)
Elastic fibers
Oxytalan fibers

45
Q

Which side are more numerous but smaller groupings of fibers found?

A

Cementum side

46
Q

What is the thickness range of a normal periodontal ligament?

A

0.1-0.25 mm

47
Q

What are the main 3 connective tissue cells found in periodontal ligament?

A

Fibroblasts
Cementoblasts/clasts
Osteoblasts/clasts

48
Q

What are rest cells of malassez?

A

REE remnants that can be stimulated by inflammation and become problematic

49
Q

What are 5 features of the cementum?

A 
1-Thin hard mineralized tissue
2-light yellow
3-overlies dentin
4-bone like but more resistant to resorption
5-does not have its own blood supply
50
Q

What 4 main bone types are important in periodontics?

A

1-alveolar bone proper(cribiform plate)
2-cortical bone
3-cancellous bone
4-periosteum

51
Q

What drug can stimulate melanin?

A

Nicotine

Perio I (5 decks)

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