Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

kinesiology test > Normal Gait > Flashcards

Normal Gait Flashcards

1
Q

defined as the manner in which you move from place to place with your feet

A

Walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gait is the process or components

A

walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

To analyze gait, you must determine ?

A

which motions occur at which joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

also called stride, it is the activity that occurs between the time one foot touches the floor and the time the same foot touches the floor again

A

Gait cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the distance traveled during the gait cycle

A

Stride length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

one half of a stride

A

Step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the distance between heel strike of one foot and heel strike of the other foot. (Should be equal between each foot)

A

Step length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

walking speed or the number of steps taken per minute

A

Cadence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A Slow is considered around_____steps per minute

A

70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Fast is considered around _____ steps per minute

  • Race and mall walkers walk considerably faster
A

130

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

fyi

Regardless of speed, the gait cycle is the same, that is all parts occur in their proper place at the proper time

A

fyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

There are ONLY two phases of gait: what are they?

A

Swing and Stance phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • the activity that occurs when the foot is in contact with the ground
  • Begins with heel strike of one foot and ends when that foot leaves the ground
  • Accounts for 60% of the gait cycle
A

Stance phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • occurs when the foot is not in contact with the ground
  • Begins when the foot leaves the floor and ends when the heel of the same foot touches the floor
  • Accounts for 40% of the gait cycle
A

Swing phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Three tasks need to be accomplished during the gait cycle

A
  1. Weight acceptance
  2. Single leg support
  3. Leg advancement
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  • Occurs at the very beginning of stance phase when the foot touches the ground and the body weight begins to be shifted onto that leg
    • Initial contact (Rancho Los Amigos terminology)
A

Weight Acceptance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Occurs next as the body weight shifts completely onto the stance leg so that the opposite leg can swing forward

A

Single Leg Support

  • Loading response
  • Midstance
  • Terminal stance
  • Preswing
18
Q

Occurs during swing phase

A

Leg Advancement

  • Initial swing
  • Midswing
  • Terminal swing
19
Q

Each gait cycle has two periods of _______ support and two periods of ________ support

A
  • double
  • single
20
Q

When both feet are in contact with the ground, this is a period of ?

  • When one leg is beginning stance phase and the other one is ending stance phase (there are two of these periods)
A

double support

21
Q

Each period of double support will take up about ___%of the gait cycle (_____%all together)

A

10%

20%

22
Q

If you increase your walking speed, you spend less time or more time in double support?

A

less time

23
Q
  • Occurs when neither foot is on the ground
  • this period is the biggest difference between these two activities
A

Nonsupport Period

24
Q
  • Occurs when only one foot is in contact with the ground
  • Two periods of this support occurs in a gait cycle
A

Single Support

25
Q

Two periods of single support occur in a gait cycle?

A
  • Once when the R foot is on the ground and once when the L foot is on the ground (the opposite foot will be in swing phase)
  • Each single support phase takes up about 40% of the gait cycle
26
Q

Traditional vs. Ranchos Los Amigos 
should be interchangable

**traditional **

  1. Heel strike
  2. Foot flat
  3. Midstance
  4. Heel – Off
  5. Toe – Off
  6. Acceleration
  7. Midswing
  8. Deceleration
A

Ranchos Los Amigos

  1. Initial contact
  2. Loading response
  3. Midstance
  4. Terminal stance
  5. Preswing
  6. Initial swing
  7. Midswing
  8. Terminal Swing
27
Q
  1. Traditional = describes ?
  2. Rancho = describes?

Most have a beginning point and an end point (Table 22-1)

A
  1. points in time
  2. periods of time
28
Q

Stance Phase: Traditional

Heel strike – heel contacts the ground

Foot flat – Plantar surface of the foot in contact with the ground

Compare to RLA

A

RLA

Loading Response –

  • Beginning – just after IC when the body weight is being transferred onto the leg and entire foot makes contact with the ground
  • Ending – opposite foot leaves the ground
29
Q

Stance Phase

Traditional

Midstance – point at which the body passes over the weight bearing leg

Heel Off – heel leaves the ground while the ball of the foot and toes remain in contact with the ground

Compare to RLA

A

Stance Phase

RLA

Midstance –
Beginning – opposite foot leaves the ground
Ending – body is directly over the weight bearing limb

Terminal Stance –
Beginning – as the heel of the weight bearing leg rises
Ending – IC of the opposite foot and the body has moved in front of the weight bearing leg

30
Q

Stance Phase

Traditional

Toe Off – Toes leave the ground, ending stance phase

compare to RLA

A

Stance Phase

RLA

Preswing –

Beginning – initial contact and weight shifted onto the opposite leg

Ending – just before the toes of weight bearing leg leave the ground

31
Q

Swing Phase

Traditional

Acceleration – the swing leg begins to move forward

compare to RLA

A

RLA

  • *Initial Swing –**
  • *Beginning** – the toes leave the ground
  • *Ending** – the swing foot is opposite the weight bearing foot and the knee is in maximum flexion
32
Q

Swing Phase

Traditional

Midswing – the swing (non weight bearing) leg is directly under the body

compare to RLA

A

RLA

Midswing –
Beginning– the swing foot is opposite the weight bearing foot
Ending – the swing leg has moved in front of the body and the tibia is in a vertical position

33
Q

Swing Phase

Traditional

Deceleration – The leg is slowing down in preparation for heel strike

compare to RLA

A

RLA

Terminal Swing –
Beginning– the tibia is in a vertical position
Ending – just prior to initial contact

34
Q

Initial Contact / Heel Strike

A
  • Stance phase begins
  • Task of weight acceptance begins
  • Double leg support begins
  • Body at lowest point in gait cycle
  • Head and trunk upright
  • Ankle neutral
  • Knee extended
  • Hip flexed 25 degrees
  • Leg in front of the body
  • Pelvis is rotated forward, ipsilateral side
  • Ipsilateral arm is back, contralateral arm is forward
35
Q

Loading Response / Foot Flat

A
  • Weight shift onto stance leg continues
  • Double leg support ends
  • Ankle plantarflexes (eccentric contraction of dorsiflexors) putting foot on the ground to 15 degrees
  • Knee partially flexed absorbing shock at 20 degrees
  • Hip moving into extension
  • Body catching up with the leg
  • Ipsilateral arm swinging forward
36
Q

Midstance / Midstance

A
  • Body at highest point in the cycle
  • Single leg support begins
  • Ankle slightly dorsiflexed
  • Knee and hip continue extending
  • Body passes over right foot
  • Pelvis in neutral position
  • Both arms are parallel with the body
37
Q

Terminal Stance / Heel - Off

A
  • Body moves ahead of foot
  • Single leg support ends
  • Ankle slightly dorsiflexed, then begins plantarflexion
  • Knee extending then beginning slight flexion
  • Hip hyperextending
  • Body ahead of stance leg
  • Pelvis is rotating back – ipsilateral side
  • Ipsilateral arm swinging forward
38
Q

Preswing / Toe - Off

A
  • Task of leg advancement begins
  • Double leg support begins and ends
  • Ankle is plantarflexed 10 degrees
  • Knee and hip are flexing
  • Lateral pelvic tilt on right side
  • Ipsilateral arm forward
39
Q

Initial swing / Acceleration

A
  • Swing phase begins (non weight bearing)
  • Single leg support begins on contralateral side
  • Ankle begins to dorsiflex
  • Knee and hip continue flexing
  • Leg is behind body but moving forward
  • Pelvis beginning to rotate forward
  • Ipsilateral arm swinging backwards
40
Q

Midswing / Midswing

A
  • Leg shortens to clear the floor
  • Single leg support on contralateral side continues
  • Ankle dorsiflexed
  • Knee at maximum flexion of 65 degrees and begins to extend
  • Hip at maximum flexion of 25 degrees
  • Leg passing under and moving in front of body
  • Pelvis in neutral position
  • Arms parallel with body and moving in opposite directions
41
Q

Terminal Swing / Deceleration

A
  • Leg advancement task ends
  • Single support ends
  • Ankle continuing in dorsiflexion
  • Knee extended
  • Hip flexed
  • Leg ahead of the body
  • Pelvis rotated forward – ipsilateral side
  • Ipsilateral arm back, contralateral arm forward
42
Q

A Physical Therapist Assistant is treating a patient with a 15 degree knee flexion contracture. Which of the following would the Physical Therapist Assistant NOT expect to see during gait training?

  • Excessive dorsiflexion
  • Shortened step length of the unaffected side
  • Shortened step length of the affected side
  • Early heel rise during pushoff
A

kinesiology test (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions