Nord Questions

Question 1

What is the correct sequence of complexity within an organism, going from smallest complexity to largest?

Answer 1

Chemical - cellular - tissue - organ - body system - organism

Question 2

True or false

The peritoneum only covers the organs in the pelvic cavity

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True or false

The basic building blocks for making proteins are monosaccharides

Answer 3

False

Question 4

An atom consists of a nucleus which contains positively charged….

Answer 4

Protons

Question 5

The nucleus contains neutrons which are….

Answer 5

Uncharged

Question 6

What subatomic particle circles around the nucleus

Answer 6

Electrons

Question 7

How are electrons charged?

Answer 7

Negatively

Question 8

The number of positively and negatively charged particles is usually equal so each atom is electrically….

Answer 8

Neutral

Question 9

What is the process whereby the body maintains a stable internal environment?

Answer 9

Homeostasis

Question 10

When body temperature rises, a centre in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of…

Answer 10

Negative feedback

Question 11

What is the division of the autonomic nervous system that maintains homeostasis during resting conditions?

Answer 11

The parasympathetic division

Question 12

How does a calcium atom become an ion?

Answer 12

It gives up two electrons to another ion

Question 13

What sort of chemical bond joins hydrogen and oxygen together to form water?

Answer 13

Covalent

Question 14

What does connective tissue consist of?

Answer 14

Cells and an extra-cellular matrix of fibres and ground substance

Question 15

In the human body, cell membranes are…

Answer 15

Perforated by large proteins which help transport some substances into or out of the cell

Question 16

If the extra-cellular fluid contains a greater concentration of solutes, then the extra-cellular fluid is said to be….

Answer 16

Hypertonic

Question 17

Which organelles are ‘paralysed’ by nicotine during smoking?

Answer 17

Cilia

Question 18

What is the process called by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied to RNA?

Answer 18

Transcription

Question 19

What is the stage in mitosis where the sister chromatids separates called?

Answer 19

Anaphase

Question 20

What event occurs in meiosis, but not in mitosis

Answer 20

Pairing of the homologous chromosomes

Question 21

Mary has a brother with Haemophilia A, a recessive, X-linked genetic disease. Her parents are not affected by the disease. What is the chance that Mary is a carrier of the disease mutation?

Answer 21

50%

Question 22

During the menstrual cycle, the repair and regrow the of the endometrium is stimulated by rising levels of which hormone?

Answer 22

Oestrogen

Question 23

True or false

The posterior fonix is part of the uterus?

Answer 23

False

Question 24

True or false?

The ovaries are the site of follicle development and the release of oestrogen and progesterone?

Answer 24

True

Question 25

The pelvic brim is made smaller by the...

Answer 25

Sacral promentary

Question 26

What do the deep muscles of the pelvic floor cause compression of?

Answer 26

The urethra, vagina and rectum

Question 27

What does the cervical mucosa undergo during pregnancy

Answer 27

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia

Question 28

What structures help to form the outlet of the pelvis?

Answer 28

The lower border of the symphysis pubis, the ischial spines, the sacro-spinous ligaments and the lower border of the sacrum

Question 29

What organism can replicate its DNA inside the host’s cells?

Answer 29

Virus

Question 30

True or false During the activation phase of pregnancy, oestrogen is dominant, so more gap junctions develop and the uterus becomes more active

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is an infection defined by?

Answer 31

Successful colonisation and multiplication in a body part or tissue, by a microbe capable of causing disease in that tissue

Question 32

What type of blood does the umbilical vein carry?

Answer 32

Oxygenated blood from the placenta towards the fetus

Question 33

What is the maternal surface of the placenta divided into?

Answer 33

Elevated regions called lobes

Question 34

What causes the maternal spiral arteries to be transformed into wide, low pressure blood vessels?

Answer 34

Extravillous trophoblasts

Question 35

True or false | Oxytocin is produced in large quantities by the placenta during pregnancy?

Answer 35

False

Question 36

What are the external agents that cross the placenta and cause birth defects?

Answer 36

Teratogens

Question 37

What landmark on the fetal skull is the mentum?

Answer 37

The chin

Question 38

What is the suture that runs in the anterior-posterior direction across the vault of the skull

Answer 38

Sagittal suture

Question 39

What happens to a cephalhaematoma following birth?

Answer 39

It may decrease in size

Question 40

What is the bregma?

Answer 40

It is a diamond shaped fontanelle

Question 41

What can the early rupture of membranes during labour cause?

Answer 41

Increased risk of pressure on the umbilical cord during each contraction

Question 42

True or false | The muscle in the fundus contracts for longer and retracts after each contraction

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What is crowning?

Answer 43

The point when the widest transverse diameter of the fetal head has emerged from the vagina

Question 44

Should the midwife apply traction to the umbilical cord to help deliver the placenta during a normal labour?

Answer 44

No

Question 45

What does retraction mean in regards to the myometrial cells?

Answer 45

The myometrial cells shorten a little after each contraction

Question 46

Effacement of the cervix occurs due to...

Answer 46

A result of changes in hormone activity, especially prostaglandins

Question 47

During the second stage of labour, which movement of the fetus follows restitution?

Answer 47

Internal rotation of the shoulders and external rotation of the head

Question 48

What does a second degree tear affect?

Answer 48

The skin, vaginal wall and muscle within the perineal body

Question 49

True or false | One sign of separation of the placenta is when the cord stops pulsating

Answer 49

False

Question 50

What controls blood loss following the separation and delivery of the placenta?

Answer 50

Mostly achieved by strong and sustained contractions of the uterus

Question 51

What helps blood return to the heart from the lower limbs?

Answer 51

The skeletal muscles

Question 52

True or false When a healthy woman lies on her back during the latter stages of pregnancy, she may feel faint. This is due to her blood pressure rising

Answer 52

False

Question 53

During a contraction of the heart, where does the blood flow to next as it leaves the right atrium?

Answer 53

The right ventricle

Question 54

True of false | The aorta has very ‘elastic’ walls that recoil after being stretched

Answer 54

True

Question 55

When does the blood flow through the capillaries in the skin decrease?

Answer 55

When the arterioles constrict and become narrower

Question 56

What is the endocardium?

Answer 56

A layer of squamous epithelium that lines the inside of the heart

Question 57

When is the only time that the vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle do this?

Answer 57

When the heart muscle is relaxed

Question 58

What is the order of the pulmonary circulation as the blood flows from the right ventricle?

Answer 58

Pulmonary trunk - pulmonary arteries - pulmonary capillaries - pulmonary veins - left atrium

Question 59

What causes the sounds that the heart makes?

Answer 59

The closure of the heart valves

Question 60

What is normal heart action?

Answer 60

When the two atria contract together and then the two ventricles contract a little later