Nonverbal Communication Flashcards
Nonverbal Communication
Define: Space
(In this context)
Distance from self to others
Indvidual to Individual
Nonverbal Communication
Define: TerrITOry / Territoriality
- An area or objects we “can claim to”
- Expressing “ownership” of an object or area
Individual to Object
I TO O
Nonverbal Communication
The 4 Proxemics Zones
In western culture
- Intimate Space
- Personal Space
- Social Space
- Public Space
Nonverbal Communication
Intimate Space
Distance
- Touching 18in
- Psychological “closeness”
- Personal “bubble”
Nonverbal Communication
Personal Space
Distance
- 18in - 4ft
- Family and friends
Nonverbal Communication
Social Space
Distance
- 4ft - 12ft
- Sociality
Nonverbal Communication
Public Space
Distance
- 12ft - and On
- Impersonality (lack of personal connection)
Nonverbal Communication
3 types of territory
- Primary
- Secondary
- Public
Nonverbal Communication
Primary Territory
Definition
Exclusive domain
Owning
Nonverbal Communication
Secondary Territory
Definition
Some Connection
Leasing
Nonverbal Communication
Public Territory
Definition
No personal affiliation
Open to all
Nonverbal Communication
3 Visual & Auditory Cues
- Kinesics
- Physical Appearance
- Vocalics
Nonverbal Communication
Kinesics
Definition
The study of muscle movement
Laugh, smile, frown, etc
Nonverbal Communication
Physical Appearance
Definition
Make judgement / Interpretation
Nonverbal Communication
Vocalics
Definition
Inflection, Emphasis creates different meaning
Nonverbal Communication
2 Contact Codes
- Haptics
- Proxemics
Nonverbal Communication
Define: Haptics
- The study of touch
- Use of touch to communicate meaning
- Touch is the 1st sensation
Nonverbal Communication
Define: Proxemics
- The study of space
- The use of space to communicate meaning
Expectancy Violation Theory
Expectancy Violation Theory: 4 Important Concepts
- Threat threshold
- Arousal
- Violation valence
- Communicator reward valence
Expectancy Violation Theory
What are the competing “needs”
Affiliation vs Maintenance
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Affiliation
Need to “belong to” (affiliate with) another or a group
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Maintenance
Need to maintain control of our personal space
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Threat Threshold
Tolerance for violations of our personal space
Expectancy Violation Theory
2 types of tolerance
- High tolerance
- Low tolerance
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Arousal
- Increased interest/attention when a violation occurs
- RECOGNITION NOT JUDGEMENT
Expectancy Violation Theory
2 Types of Arousal
- Cognative - Mental awareness
- Physical - Physiological Changes (Causes shift in focus to violation)
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Violation Valence
- Perceived positive or negative value we assign to an unexpected behavior that violates our expectations.
- Assessment takes place on a continuum, meaning it can be positive, negative, or neutral.
- Sense-Making: Interpret & Evaluate
Expectancy Violation Theory
2 results of Violation Valence
- Reward: Decrease Distance or Increase Communication
- Punish: Increase Distance or Decrease Communication
Expectancy Violation Theory
Define: Communicator Reward Valence
Sum of the positive and negative characteristics of a person and the potential for that person to reward or punish
Expectancy Violation Theory
2 Reward Sources
- High reward source - Positive interpretation of violation
- Low reward source - Negative interpretation of violation
“What can you do for me” v. “What might you do to me”
Speaking to a coworker vs. A mysterious man in the dark
