Nonverbal Communication Flashcards by Israel Walker

Nonverbal Communication

Define: Space

(In this context)

Distance from self to others
Indvidual to Individual

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Nonverbal Communication

Define: TerrITOry / Territoriality

An area or objects we “can claim to”
Expressing “ownership” of an object or area
Individual to Object

I TO O

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Nonverbal Communication

The 4 Proxemics Zones

In western culture

Intimate Space
Personal Space
Social Space
Public Space

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Nonverbal Communication

Intimate Space

Distance

Touching 18in
Psychological “closeness”
Personal “bubble”

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Nonverbal Communication

Personal Space

Distance

18in - 4ft
Family and friends

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Nonverbal Communication

Social Space

Distance

4ft - 12ft
Sociality

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Nonverbal Communication

Public Space

Distance

12ft - and On
Impersonality (lack of personal connection)

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Nonverbal Communication

3 types of territory

Primary
Secondary
Public

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Nonverbal Communication

Primary Territory

Definition

Exclusive domain
Owning

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Nonverbal Communication

Secondary Territory

Definition

Some Connection
Leasing

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Nonverbal Communication

Public Territory

Definition

No personal affiliation
Open to all

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Nonverbal Communication

3 Visual & Auditory Cues

Kinesics
Physical Appearance
Vocalics

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Nonverbal Communication

Kinesics

Definition

The study of muscle movement
Laugh, smile, frown, etc

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Nonverbal Communication

Physical Appearance

Definition

Make judgement / Interpretation

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Nonverbal Communication

Vocalics

Definition

Inflection, Emphasis creates different meaning

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Nonverbal Communication

2 Contact Codes

Haptics
Proxemics

Nonverbal Communication

Define: Haptics

The study of touch
Use of touch to communicate meaning
Touch is the 1st sensation

Nonverbal Communication

Define: Proxemics

The study of space
The use of space to communicate meaning

Expectancy Violation Theory

Expectancy Violation Theory: 4 Important Concepts

Threat threshold
Arousal
Violation valence
Communicator reward valence

Expectancy Violation Theory

What are the competing “needs”

Affiliation vs Maintenance

Expectancy Violation Theory

Define: Affiliation

Need to “belong to” (affiliate with) another or a group

Expectancy Violation Theory

Define: Maintenance

Need to maintain control of our personal space

Expectancy Violation Theory

Define: Threat Threshold

Tolerance for violations of our personal space

Expectancy Violation Theory

2 types of tolerance

High tolerance
Low tolerance

# Expectancy Violation Theory Define: A**r**ousal

* Increased interest/attention when a violation occurs * **R**ECOGNITION NOT JUDGEMENT

# Expectancy Violation Theory 2 Types of Arousal

* Cognative - Mental awareness * **P**hysical - **P**hysiological Changes (Causes shift in focus to violation)

# Expectancy Violation Theory Define: Violation Valence

* **Perceived** positive or negative value we assign to an unexpected behavior that violates our expectations. * Assessment takes place on a continuum, meaning it can be positive, negative, or neutral. * Sense-Making: Interpret & Evaluate

# Expectancy Violation Theory 2 results of Violation Valence

* **Reward:** Decrease Distance or Increase Communication * **Punish:** Increase Distance or Decrease Communication

# Expectancy Violation Theory Define: Communicator Reward Valence

***Sum*** of the positive and negative characteristics of a **person** and the ***potential*** for that person to reward or punish

# Expectancy Violation Theory 2 Reward Sources

1. **High** reward source - ***Positive*** interpretation of violation 2. **Low** reward source - ***Negative*** interpretation of violation | "What can you do ***for*** me" v. "What might you do ***to*** me" ## Footnote Speaking to a coworker vs. A mysterious man in the dark