INTERpersonal Communication Flashcards by Israel Walker

INTERpersonal Communication

What is INTERpersonal relationship

The ability of two or more persons to jointly create and maintain a mutually satisfying relationship

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Social Exchange Theory

What do we need as communicators?

Rewards
Inclusion, control, affection
Comfort
Self Disclosure

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Social Exchange Theory

Individuals seek to…?

Maximize rewards in relationships
Minimize costs in relationships

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Social Exchange Theory

How do rewards and costs influence our relational decisions?

We stay in relationships that are more rewarding than costly
We stay in relationships that are more rewarding than the alternative

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Impression Management

William Shakespeare’s quote from “As you like it”

“All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts”

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Impression Management

What is Erving Goffman’s most popular book?

The Presentation of self

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Impression Management

Define: Dramaturgical Analysis

Theatrical metaphor to explain human social interaction

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Impression Management

What was Goffman’s view of self?

Believes theres no self, just roles we play

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Impression Management

Face work, Face management

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Impression Management

Define: Face

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Impression Management

What is Front Stage Self

Public presenting self, Presented to an unfamiliar audience
A “face” or “mask”
Impression Management

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Impression Management

What is Back Stage Self

Private self
Presented to familiar audiences

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Impression Management

What is expressive control

Expressions given (What I show) Vs.
Expressions given off (Whats recieved)

When I do nothing but jackson says im smiling

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Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the fundamental assumption about what humans try to increase and why?

Seek to increase our ability to make predictions abt each other
To make sense of our communication experience

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Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the Proactive Process?

Attempts to reduce uncertainty prior to a communative episode

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Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What are the 2 strategies associated with the Proactive Process?

Passive - Observe the other in diff social situations (ppl watching)
Active - Ask others abt the person of interest (Gossiping)

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the Interactive process?

Engaging in conversation and asking questions to reduce discomfort

Interviews

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the Retroactive Process?

Applying sense-making tools to events after their occurance

Thinking about how the first date went, do I want another?

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What are the 3 processes associated with the Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT)?

Proactive
Interactive
Retroactive

Pirrrrrrr

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What do people experience in initial interpersonal settings and why?

Uncertainty
Why?
No prior Info
Inability to predict/explain

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the psychological “state” uncertainty creates?

It creates an Aversive state

causing a strong feeling of dislike or avoidance

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What are the two primary goals people usually have when meetings strangers?

Decrease uncertainty (info seeking)
Increase predicatbility

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What is the primary means of reducing uncertainty?

Information

Uncertainty Reduction Theory

What are the 3 phases with URT?

Entry
Personal
Exit

one interaction

# Uncertainty Reduction Theory What is the ***ENTRY*** phase?

* 1st stage in an interaction between stranger (meeting) * Guided by implicit and explicit rules/norms (social norms)

# Uncertainty Reduction Theory What is the ***Personal*** phase?

* Begin to communicate more spontaneously * Increase self-disclosure | (Less thinking before talking)

# Uncertainty Reduction Theory What is the ***Exit*** phase?

* Decision phase * Deciding wheter to continue the interaction * People differ: Enter, length of time spent, exit phase

# **INTER**personal Communication What are the 4 theories of **INTER**personal Communication? | S.I.U.S

* Social Exchange Theory * Impression Management * Uncertainty Reduction Theory * Social Penetration Theory

# Social Penetration Theory What is the primary focus of the Social Penetration Theory (SPT)?

Understand relational "closeness"and "intamacy", through self-disclosure

# Social Penetration Theory What is meant by “social penetration” in relation to types of communication?

* From superficial communication to intimate * Peeling back the layers of the onion * Breadth and depth of self-disclosure determines closeness

# Social Penetration Theory What do you know about **Self-disclosure?**

* At the core of relational development * Is either Strategic or Non-Strategic

# Social Penetration Theory How is relational development viewed?

* Generally systematic and predictable * Includes de-penetration and dissolution caused by transgressions | Transgression can be cheating or lying ## Footnote De-penetration is putting the walls back up

# Social Penetration Theory How does strategic and non-strategic self-disclosure affect relational development?

The more strategic, the less the development, and vice versa

# Social Penetration Theory Explain what the "Breadth and depth of communication" means

The number and variety of topics and how detailed you talk about them determines the closeness of the relationship

# Social Penetration Theory What are the 4 stages of **Social Penetration?**

1. Orientation 2. Exploratory Affective 3. Affective Exchange 4. Stable Exchange

# Social Penetration Theory What is the **Orientation Stage?**

* Outer circle * Small talk * "Public" Info is shared * Non intamate, superficial * Guided by social norms * Hesitant

# Social Penetration Theory What is the **Exploratory Affective Stage?** | Acquaintances & Friendly neighbors

* Some personality * Some private life * More spontaneous * Increased non-verbal comm * Few relationships surpass this stage

# Social Penetration Theory What is the **Affective Exchange Stage?**

* Relaxed and casual * Quick decisions less cautious * Personal idioms (nicknames and such) * Both positive and negative exchanges * Willingness to engage in criticisms | Close friends and intimate partners

# Social Penetration Theory What is the **Stable Exchange Stage?**

* Open expression of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors * High degree of spontaneous comm * Highly Intamte, high predictability * Fewer misinterpretations * High familiarity * Humor and sarcasm * Efficent communication | Few relationships reach this stage