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Bacte - lab > Nonfermentative gram negative Bacilli > Flashcards

Nonfermentative gram negative Bacilli Flashcards

1
Q

enumerate the nonfermentative gram (-) bacilli

A
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Acinetobacter spp.,
  • Burkholderia cepacia
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
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2
Q

common characteristics of nonfermentative

A
  • no uniform biochemical characteristics
  • often oxidase +
  • lactose negative colonies on selective media such as MAC
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3
Q

biochemical characteristics of p. aeruginosa and their atmospheric requirement

A
  • catalase and oxidase positive
  • strictly aerobic
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4
Q

why p. aeruginosa is motile and they are found in?

A

due to their polar flagella
moist environments

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5
Q

p. aeruginosa: pulmonary infections occurs commonly in patients with?

A

cystic fibrosis

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6
Q

p. aeruginosa was known for this odor?

A

musty grape-like (corn tortilla) odor

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7
Q

aeruginosa has __ or ___ appearance of its colonies on sheep blood agar

A

rough or ground glass appearance

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8
Q

two pigments of aeruginosa

A
  • “blue-green” fluorescent pigment
  • metallic sheen
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9
Q

metallic sheen pigment of p. aeruginosa is caused by?

A

pyoverdin pigment

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10
Q

oxidase and TSIA result of aeruginosa

A
  • oxidase positive
  • alkaline slant/neutral butt
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11
Q

p. aeruginosa grow best in?

A

42C

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12
Q

gram morphology and arrangmeent of acinetobacter

A
  • short, rod-shaped to spherical
  • in pairs
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13
Q

motility of acinetobacter

A

nonmotile

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13
Q

biochemical characteristics and atmospheric requirement of acinetobacter

A
  • oxidase and nitrites negative
  • strictly aerobic
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14
Q

color of colonies on acinetobacter on MAC

A

purplish colonies on MAC

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15
Q

non-hemolytic acinetobacter

A

baumanii and iwoffi

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16
Q

hemolytic acinetobacter

A

a. haemolyticus

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17
Q

non-glucose oxidizer acinetobacter

A

haemolyticus and iwoffi

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18
Q

glucose oxidizer acinetobacter

A

A. baumanii

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19
Q

aerobic, non-spore forming, gram-negative rods

A

burkholderia spp.,

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20
Q

why burkholderia are motile?

A

because they have polar flagella

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21
Q

the only nonmotile burkholderia

A

B. mallei

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22
Q

biochemical characteristics of burkholderia

A

catalase and oxidase positive

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23
Q

what organism produces lactose-negative colonies?

A

burkholderia

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24
Q

LIA result of burkholderia

A

decarboxylates lysine

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25
Q

B. cepacia is an important pathogen in patients with __ and in those with __

A

cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease

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26
Q

it is a nosocomial pathogen that is contaminated with equipment, medications, and disinfectants

A

B. cepacia

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27
Q

this pathogen is acquired via inhalation or contact through cut or abraded skin

A

B. pseudomallei

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28
Q

B. pseudomallei causes what disease?

A

Melioidosis

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29
Q

media used to isolate B. cepacia from the respiratory secretions of patients with cystic fibrosis

A
  1. Pseudomonas cepacia (PC) agar
  2. Oxidative-fermentative base-polymyxin B - bacitracin lactose (OFPBL)
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30
Q

Pseudomonas cepacia (PC) agar contains ___ to inhibit gram + and rapid-growing, gram negative organisms

A

crystal violet, bile salts, polymyxin B, ticarcillin

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31
Q

B. __ ferments lactose and appears ___

A

B. cepacia - yellow

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32
Q

nonfermenters for burkholderia appears?

A

green

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33
Q

medium used to isolate B. pseudomallei when an infection caused by this species is suspected

A

Ashdown medium

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34
Q

a significant nosocomial stenotrophomonas

A

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

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35
Q

enumerate the risk factors of stenotrophomonas

A
  • mechanical ventilation
  • use of broad-spectrum antibiotics
  • catheterization
  • neutropenia
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36
Q

biochemical characteristics of stenotrophomonas

A
  • oxidase negative
  • DNAse +
  • nonfermentative
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37
Q

S. maltophilia on 5% sheep blood agar has ___ colony appearance and a __ odor

A

chartreuse to lavender-green and strong ammonia odor

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38
Q

the only nonmotile nonfermentative bacilli

A

acinetobacter baumanii

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39
Q

incubation condition of C. jejuni

A

42C microaerobic for 72 hours

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40
Q

gram morphology of helicobacter

A

spiral-shaped or curved gram negative non-spore forming

41
Q

infection of this pathogen has also been associated with gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma

A

h. pylori

42
Q

common cause of peptic ulcer

A

h. pylori

43
Q

noninvasive test that detects urease activity of h. pylori by measuring 14C and 13C labeled CO2 in the patient’s expelled air

A

urea breath test

44
Q

oxidase positive, facultative anaerobic, small, gram negative bacilli, pleomorphic rods or coccobacilli with a potential requirement for X hemin and V NAD factor

A

haemophilus

44
Q

agar used for isolation of h. influenzae from respiratory secretion of patients with cystic fibrosis

A

horse-blood bacitracin agar

45
Q

h. influenzae is also known as the

A

Pfeiffer’s bacillus

46
Q

main cause of meningitis in children <5 yrs old

A

h. influenzae

47
Q

associated with respiratory conditions including epiglottis

A

h. influenzae

48
Q

h. aegypticus is also known as the __ bacillus

A

Koch-Week’s bacillus

49
Q

can cause pink eye conjunctivitis

A

h. aegypticus

50
Q

h. ducreyi can cause?

A

chancroid disease

51
Q

h. influenzae tend to have musty odor colonies also known as?

A

dirty sneakers

52
Q

a sensitive method to determine X factor requirements

A

porphyrin test

53
Q

species that do not require x factor tends to have a ___

A

positive porphyrin test

54
Q

negative for porphyrin test

A

h. influenzae

55
Q

this pathogen is found in the environment with water

A

legionella

56
Q

legionella is isolated __

A

BCYE agar

56
Q

often associated in manmade facilities including air-conditioning ducts and cooling towers, portable water, large warm-water plumbing systems, humidifier, whirlpools, etc.

A

legionella

56
Q

enumerate the growth factors in BCYE agar

A

I-cysteine, ferric salt, and a ketoglutarate

56
Q

legionella is incubate for at least ___ in a humid atmosphere containing ___ CO2

A

5 days, no more than 2-5% CO2

57
Q

biochemical characteristics of legionella

A

oxidase, catalase, gelatinase positive and motile

57
Q

diseases associated with legionella

A
  • pneumonia
  • pontiac fever
  • extrapulmonary
58
Q

strictly aerobic, nonfermentative, catalase-positive, minute coccobacilli requiring ___

A

BORDETELLA
- nicotinic acid
- cysteine
- methionine

59
Q

most commonly recommended specimen of bordetella

A

nasopharyngeal swab

60
Q

for shipment to reference lab of bordetella, the inoculated medium should be incubated for at least __

A

24 hours in ambient air at 35C

61
Q

colonies may not be visible for 3-4 days

A

bordetella

62
Q

small, smooth, round, shiny, and may have the appearance of a drop of mercury

A

B. pertussis

63
Q

this pathogen grows more rapidly and will grow on BAP and occasionally on MAC

A

B. parapertussis

64
Q

this pathogen grows well on both blood and MAC and is the most biochemically active

A

B. bronchiseptica

65
Q

enumerate the media for primary isolation of B. pertussis and B. parapertussis

A
  • bordet-gengou
  • modified jones-kendrick charcoal
  • regan lowe
  • stainer-scholte
66
Q

bordetella that grows in regan lowe for 3-6 days

A

b. pertussis

67
Q

small, gram-negative coccobacillary organisms

A

brucella

68
Q

brucella has the appearance of __

A

sand

69
Q

non-motile, strictly aerobic, catalase +, nonfermenters, and oxidase +

A

brucella

70
Q

brucella is enhanced by the presence of __

A

5-10% CO2

71
Q

enumerate the human pathogens of brucella

A
  • melitensis
  • abortus
  • suis
  • canis
72
Q

common risk factor of brucella is the

A

consumption of imported cheese made from unpasteurized goat’s milk

73
Q

biochemical characteristics of brucella

A

catalase, oxidase, and urease +

74
Q

human diseases of brucella are

A

undulant fever, malta fever, bang’s disease, gibraltar fever, mediterranean fever

75
Q

BRUCELLA AND ANIMAL HOST:

abortus -
melitensis -
suis -
canis -
ovis -
neotomae -

A

abortus - cattle
melitensis - sheep or goats
suis - swine
canis - dogs
ovis - rams
neotomae - deser and wood rats

76
Q

brucella positive for CO2, H2S, and inhibition of thionine

A

b. abortus

77
Q

brucella that inhibit in basic fuchsin

A

b. suis and b. canis

78
Q

biochemical characteristics of pasteurella

A

faculatively anaerobic and susceptible to penicillin

INDOLE -
OXIDASE +
CATALASE +
ONPG +

79
Q

nonmotile, gram-negative bacteria that range morphologically from coccobacilli to long filamentous rods

A

pasteurella

80
Q

capable of bipolar staining that grows on BAP only

A

pasteurella

81
Q

commensals in the upper respiratory tracts of fowl and mammals

A

pasteurella

82
Q

pasteurella is frequently isolated from?

A

animal bite or scratch wounds

83
Q

small, strictly aerobic coccoid to pleomorphic rod-shaped

A

francisella tularensis

84
Q

francisella is a gram - bacillus that requires __ for growth

A

cystine or cysteine

85
Q

francisella: faint bipolar staining occurs with __

A

aniline dyes

86
Q

common in trappers, hunters, fur and meat industry workers, agricultural workers, lab personnel

A

francisella

87
Q

francisella grown on __

A

glucose-cysteine agar supplemented with 5% defibrinated rabbit blood, CHOC agar with isovitalex, or BCYE agar

88
Q

thin, gram-variable rod or coccobacillus, catalase negative, and nonmotile

A

gardnerella

89
Q

gardnerella grows best after __

A

48 hrs of incubation in 5% CO2 enriched atmosphere

90
Q

gardnerella colonies are small and exhibit __ on media containing rabbit or human blood

A

beta hemolysis

91
Q

direct examination of vaginal secretions for the presence of clue cells

A

gardnerella

92
Q

ph of gardnerella

A

> 4.5

93
Q

gardnerella has a ___ odor after addition of ___ to the secretions

A

fishy amine odor
10% potassium hydroxide

94
Q

a gram negative bacillus that requires media containing blood, serum, or ascites fluid and incubation under CO2

A

streptobacillus moniliformis

95
Q

streptobacillus moniliformis causes ___ in humans

A

rat-bite fever and Haverhill fever

96
Q

it has never been grown in culture but because both are causative agents of rat-bite fever

A

spirillum minus

Bacte - lab (3 decks)

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