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Energy, Force, Matter > Non - renewable energy > Flashcards

Non - renewable energy Flashcards

1
Q

What is non-renewable energy?

A
  • Non renewable energy are energy sources that can’t be replenished in a timely manner and will run out. They are being used faster than they can be made.
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2
Q

What are fossil fuels?

A
  • Fossil fuels are natural, finite materials formed from the remains of living organisms.
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3
Q

Where does coal come from?

A

Buried trees and plants.

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4
Q

Where do oil and gas come from?

A

Buried marine organisms and plants eg. plankton

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5
Q

What are the 3 fossil fuels?

A

Coal
Oil
Gas

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6
Q

What are energy resources used for?

A
  • Transport
  • Heating
  • Electricity
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7
Q

What is oil used for?

A

Oil is used to make petrol/ diesel for cars.

To make plastics

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8
Q

What is coal used for?

A

Coal can be burnt on open fires to heat homes.

To make iron and steel

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9
Q

What is combustion?

A

Combustion is the burning of fuels to release energy.

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10
Q

Explain the energy stores and transfers involved in burning coal.

A
  • Coal: chemical energy tranferred via heating…
  • Water: Thermal energy
  • Water: Kinetic energy as it moves
  • Turbine: kinetic energy mechanically moves a generator
  • Generator generates electricity.
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11
Q

What are the 4 advantages of fossil fuels?

A
  • Reliable
  • Easy to store
  • High energy density
  • Cheap
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12
Q

What are the 3 disadvantages of fossil fuels?

A

Non - renewable
Contribute to global warming
Can cause acid rain

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13
Q

What does acid rain do to the enironment?

A
  • Lower pH of lakes: damaging equatic life.
  • Lower pH of aagricultural crop: diminshing nutrients.
  • Erode Limestone buildings
  • Breathing difficulties/ health problems
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14
Q

What are methods that can reduce the environmental impact of fossil fuels?

A
  • Reduce consumption
  • Alternative fuel
  • Clean emissions before released
  • Carbon capture (storing carbon dioxide underground)
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15
Q

What are fossil fuels used for?

A
  • Transportation
  • Electricity
  • Heating
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16
Q

What are nuclear fuels?

A

Nuclear fuels are a non-renewable, radioactive materials (like uranium/ plutonium) that split in nuclear reactors to release energy.

17
Q

What does “finite” mean?

A

Finite means a limited supply of a resource.

18
Q

What are “fuels”

A

A fuel is a source of energy.

19
Q

Explain how neutrons are fired at atoms in nuclear energy

A

Neutrons are fired at unstable atoms.
These cause the atoms to split into smaller atoms, including neutrons.
These neutrons fire other atoms.
This is known as a chain reaction
This heats up nuclear rods, which heat up water.

20
Q

What are chain reactions?

A

Chain reactions involve neutrons being fired at unstable nuclei to split into more neutrons that can be fired at another atom.

21
Q

What are the advantages of nuclear energy?

A
  • High energy density
  • Large reserves
  • No CO₂ emissions
22
Q

What are the disadvantages of nuclear energy?

A
  • Radioactivity released to surroundings(bad for environment.)
  • Risk of terrorism
  • Radioactive waste
  • High decomissioning cost
    Non - renewable !
23
Q

Write the orders of start up times of non- renewable resources.

A
  1. ) gas-fired station (shortest start up time)
  2. ) oil-fired station
  3. ) coal-fired station
  4. ) Nuclear-fired station (longest start up time)
24
Q

How does generating electricity work?

A
  • When you burn a fuel, thermal energy of water increases.
  • This heats up water, that is then converted into steam
  • The steam turns the turbine and then a generator that generates electricty.
25
Q

Although science can identify environmental issues that come from specific energy resources, why does the use of these continue.

A
  • Science doesn’t have the power to overcome these issues because of political, social or economical considerations.
26
Q

Why is gas better than coal?

A
  • Burning gas releases less carbon dioxide.
  • Gas - fired power stations have a short start- up time (can be switched on quickly during high- demand times)
27
Q

What are ALL the energy sources used to generate?

A
  • All used to generate electricity.
28
Q

What are the different ways of using fuels in transport?

A
  • Fuel/ diesel
    OR….
  • Biofuels
29
Q

How does central heating work?

A
  • You have cold water in pipes under house.
  • Gas/ energy source goes on outside of pipes.
  • Combustion reaction occurs, causing a fire.
  • This heats up the water.
  • Sent up to radiators and boilers.
30
Q

What 3 things do you need to produce fire?

A
  • Heat
  • Fuel
  • Oxygen

Energy, Force, Matter (14 decks)

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