Non-Opioid Analgesics Flashcards
Give some examples of non-opioid analgesics.
Ibuprofen, paracetamol, aspirin, nefopam, naproxen.
What is aspirin indicated for?
Headaches, transient musculoskeletal pain, dysmenorrhoea, pyrexia.
Why should patient be advised to take aspirin with food?
To avoid gastric side effects.
Why is paracetamol generally preferred to aspirin or NSAIDs for analgesia, especially in the elderly?
It is less irritant to the stomach.
What is nefopam indicated for?
The relief of persistent pain unresponsive to other non-opioid analgesics.
What side effects of nefopam may be troublesome?
Antimuscarinic side effects - urinary retention, dry mouth, dilation of the pupils, hot and flushed skin.
For what are NSAIDs commonly prescribed?
Chronic and short term treatment of mild to moderate pain, especially musculoskeletal pain.
What additional treatment is required during long term treatment with NSAISs?
Stomach protection with a PPI or a H2-antagonist.
What alternative to NSAIDs may be used in patients at a high risk from serious GI side effects?
COX2 inhibitors.
What is the dose of ibuprofen for post immunisation pyrexia in a 2–3-month-old infant?
50mg as a single dose, repeated once every 6 hours if needed.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a 1–3-month-old infant?
5mg/kg QDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a 3-6-month-old infant?
50mg TDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a child aged 6-months to one year?
50mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a child aged 1-4 years?
100mg TDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a child aged 4-7 years?
200mg TDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a child aged 10-12 years?
300mg TDS.
What is the oral dose of ibuprofen for a child aged 12 to an adult?
Initially 300-400mg QDS, increased if necessary, to a max of 600mg QDS.
In which patients is there an increased risk of paracetamol toxicity?
Those with a body weight under 50kg and those at a risk of hepatotoxicity.
Is paracetamol licensed for oral administration in children under 2 months old?
No.
What is the dose of paracetamol for post immunisation pyrexia in infants aged 2-4 months?
60mg as a single dose, repeated once every 4-6 hours if needed. Max 4 doses in 24 hours.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for child aged 1-3 months?
30-60mg TDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 3-6 months?
60mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 6 months to 1 year?
120mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child ages 2-4 years?
180mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 4-6 years?
240mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 6-8 years?
240-250 mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 8-10 years?
360-375mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 10-12 years?
480-500mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for a child aged 12-16 years?
480-750mg QDS.
What is the oral dose of paracetamol for patients aged 16 and above?
500mg-1g QDS.
