Non Metals Flashcards
non metals silds, liquids, gases
- 5 solids, 1 liquid, 10 gases
what group are noble gases
group 18
what group are halogens
group 17
Electrons in non-metals
- have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 valence electrons
Sharing electrons
when non-metals react with other
non metals, they SHARE some of
their valence electrons with each
other so that each atom has a full
valence shell
when non metals react with each other, they share valence electrons so that each has a full valence shell
how many electrons does hydrogen have
has one electron
Covalent bonds
- the atoms are held together by electrostatic attraction (between positive nucleus and negative electrons)
- only valence electrons participate in covalent bonding
- covalent bonds are very strong
how many covalent bonds
atoms will make as many covalent bonds as they need to get a full valence shell
group 17 - 1 bond
group 16 - 2 bonds
group 15 - 3 bonds
group 14 - 4 bonds
are noble gases reactive
no, they have full valence shells and therefore are inert and very stable
how many valence electrons do non metals have
have 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 valence electrons
non metal properties
- dull
- brittle
- low melting and boiling points
- poor conductors of heat and electricity
how many valence shells do halogens have
have all valence electrons except one
(are highly reactive as they want the last valence electron)
what ion do halogens form
form anions because they want to gain, not lose electrons
what is the most reactive halogen
fluorine
what happens to the reactivity of non metals through the group
reactivity of non-metals increases as you go up the group
how many electrons does hydrogen need
to have a full outer shell, it needs one electron
what happens when hydrogen atoms share valence electrons with each other
if two hydrogen atoms share valence electrons with each other, then both atoms have two electrons
H. + H. = H:H
