Metals Flashcards
how many elements are metal
91/188 of the elements
Metal properties
- shiny
- high melting and boiling points
- malleable
- good conductors of heat and electricity
- ductile
Metals on the periodic table (group 1)
Alkali metals
Alkali metals properties
- soft : can be cut with a knife
- dull on the outside, shiny on the inside because of and oxide layer
- lower density than water - float
Alkaline earth metal properties
- shiny and silvery white
- low melting and boiling point
Properties of transition metals
- silver coloured (mostly)
- harder than other metals
- higher densities
- higher melting points
what holds metallic bonds together
held together by the attraction between negative electrons and positive metal ions (electrostatic attraction)
Linking bonding to properties
properties :
- shiny - because the delocalised electrons reflect light
- high melting and boiling points - because the metallic bonds are very strong so it takes a lot of energy to break them
- malleable - because the lattice can move along and delocalised electrons can hold the ions together (delocalised electrons can move freely between ions so the metal can move into different shape)
- good conductors of heat and electricity - because the delocalised electrons have a charge and can move (delocalised electrons carry charges and they move freely so they carry it along)
how reactive are alkali metals
highly reactive with air and water
what happens to reactivity of alkali metalsas you move down the group
reactivity increases down the group
alkaline earth metals reactivity
highly reactive (less so than group 1)
what happens to the reactivity of alkaline earth metals as you move down the group
reactivity increases down the group
what happens to ions and electrons in metallic bonding
metal ions become fixed, electrons become delocalised
how many valence electrons do metals have
metals have 1, 2 or 3 valence electrons
can you have a single metal atom
no, single atoms of metals do not exist
