non-invasive ventilation

Question 1

BiPAP

Answer 1

bilevel positive airway pressure

cycle of high and low pressured to correspond to pts inspiration and expiration

Question 2

when is BiPAP used

Answer 2

type 2 respiratory failure

usually due to COPD

Question 3

criteria for initiating BiPAP

Answer 3

resp acidosis (pH L 7,35, PaCO2 >6) 
despite adequate medical treatment

Question 4

BiPAP contraindications

Answer 4

untreated pneumothorax

pathology affecting face, airway, GIT

Question 5

BiPAP. -what should be done before starting

Answer 5

CXR to exclude pneumothorax

where this does not cause a delay

Question 6

IPAP

Answer 6

inspiratory positive airway pressure

pressure during inspiration, air is forced into lungs

Question 7

EPAP

Answer 7

expiratory positive airway pressure

pressure during expiration, provides some pressure so airways dont collapse and helps air escape lungs in obstructive lung disease

Question 8

BiPAP - monitoring pt

Answer 8

repeat ABG 1hr after every change

and 4hrs after that until stable

Question 9

CPAP

Answer 9

continuous positive airway pressure

cont air blowing into lungs so air can move more easily in and out

used in conditions where airways prone to collapse

Question 10

indications for CPAP

Answer 10

obstructive sleep apnoea
congestive cardiac failure
acute pulmonary oedema