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Pharmacology > Non-HIV Antiviral meds > Flashcards

Non-HIV Antiviral meds Flashcards

1
Q

IFV ( inactivated influenza vaccine)

A
  • Made from chicken eggs

- Most common

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2
Q

RIV

A

Recombinant hemagglutinin vaccine

- Made from insect culture

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3
Q

Live, attenuated influenza vaccine

What populations should this not be used in?

A
  • Should not be used in immunocompromised or pregnant persons
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4
Q

Common time to get vaccinated

A

Around Oct/ Nov

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5
Q

Age for influenza vaccine

A
  • 6 mo or older

- not during febrile illness

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6
Q

Influenza vaccine SE

A
  • Soreness at injection site
    -Fever
    -myalgia
  • malaise
    Severe: Gullian-Barre
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7
Q

What about egg allergy?

A
  • Fine for people with severe reaction to receieve IFV and RIV
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8
Q

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is used for ____ and ____ for flu?

A

Prophalayxis and treatment

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9
Q

What is a Neuraminidases inhibitor

A

prevents the budding of viral particles from infected host cells

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10
Q

What is special about Tamiflu?

A
  • Treat early No later than 2 days

- Treated within 12 hours of onset of symptoms can shorten symptoms by 3 days

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11
Q

AE of Tamiflu?

A

Well tolerated

  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Rare: serious skin reactions, neuropsych effects in young
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12
Q

When using tamiflu you have to wait at least ____ hours before you receive LIAV?

A

48

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13
Q

Hepatitis B TX

A
  • not needed unless active liver disease
  • often coinfected with Hep D and HIV
  • Not very great options for tx. Interferon alpha is hard to tolerate.
  • BEst option is prevention with vaccine.
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14
Q

Hep C Tx

A
  • Based on person’t genotype
  • combination therapy to prevent resistance and increased likelihood of success
  • Cure rate is 95-99%
  • Cost: 75-100K for 3 months
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15
Q

Hep C AE?

A

Nausea, fatigue, weakness. Watch Liver function tests

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16
Q

Drug-Drug interactions include with HEP C Tx?

A

Antacids, lipid-lowering, anti-seizure, antiretroviral

17
Q

Acyclovir

A

DOC for HSV and VZV

-Used prophylactically and for tx

18
Q

Acyclovir MOA

A
  • inhibits viral replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA (virus has to be able to activate the drug — HSV does this best)
19
Q

Acyclovir Routes

A
  • Oral, topical, and IV (immunocomprimised)
20
Q

Is ayclovir is safe fro preganant people

A

yess

21
Q

AE for Acyclovir

A
  • Well tolerated
    -GI distress, headache, vertgo
    IV: neprhotoxicity and phlebitis
22
Q

Admin Acyclovir

A

IV over 1 hour

- Oral 3-5x a day

23
Q

Valacyclovir

A
  • Prodrug of acyclovir
  • Bioavailability of valacyclovir increases dramatically to 55%
  • Used for prophylaxis and tx
  • Generally, once or 2x a day dosing
24
Q

Valacyclovir Risk

A
  • TTP/HUS- rare but serious side immunocompromised patients
25
Q

Topical therapy for HSV

A
  • Does not work as well as oral therapy

- Acyclovir, Peniclovir( Denavir), Docosanol (Abreva)

26
Q

Topical Therapy SE

A
  • Stinging sensations
    Apply with finger cot or glove
  • Viral shedding and transmission
27
Q

CMV Infection

A
  • Member of the herpes virus group
  • Direct contract with body fluids
  • 50-85% of Americans age 40 and older
  • Can remain dormant for life
  • Immunosuppressed patients at high risk for reactivation of dormant risk
  • CMV retinitis causes vision loss
28
Q

Ganciclovir/ Valganciclovir MOA

A
  • Suppresses replication of viral DNA
29
Q

Valganciclovir is the prodrug of

A

Ganciclovir

30
Q

Valganciclovir is preferred over Ganciclovir

A
  • due to higher bioavailability
31
Q

Uses of valganciclovir/ ganciclovir

A

for prevention and tx of CMV

- must take drug forever

32
Q

Serious AE of Valganciclovir/ ganciclovir

A
  • Bone marrow suppression
  • Reproductive toxicity (don’t take while pregnant or 90 days after pregnancy)
  • Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis
33
Q

Common AE: Valganciclovir/ gangciclovir

A

GI distress, fever, headache, (valganciclovir)

34
Q

Forms of Valganciclovir/ Ganciclovir

A

Oral, IV, Ocular implants, ocular gel (for HSV ocular)

35
Q

Admin time fro Valganciclovir/ Ganciclovir

A

over 1 hour for IV infusion

Pharmacology (14 decks)

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