Non-HIV Antiviral meds

Question 1

IFV ( inactivated influenza vaccine)

Answer 1

• Made from chicken eggs

- Most common

Question 2

RIV

Answer 2

Recombinant hemagglutinin vaccine

- Made from insect culture

Question 3

Live, attenuated influenza vaccine

What populations should this not be used in?

Answer 3

• Should not be used in immunocompromised or pregnant persons

Question 4

Common time to get vaccinated

Answer 4

Around Oct/ Nov

Question 5

Age for influenza vaccine

Answer 5

• 6 mo or older

- not during febrile illness

Question 6

Influenza vaccine SE

Answer 6

• Soreness at injection site
  -Fever
  -myalgia
• malaise
  Severe: Gullian-Barre

Question 7

What about egg allergy?

Answer 7

• Fine for people with severe reaction to receieve IFV and RIV

Question 8

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is used for ____ and ____ for flu?

Answer 8

Prophalayxis and treatment

Question 9

What is a Neuraminidases inhibitor

Answer 9

prevents the budding of viral particles from infected host cells

Question 10

What is special about Tamiflu?

Answer 10

• Treat early No later than 2 days

- Treated within 12 hours of onset of symptoms can shorten symptoms by 3 days

Question 11

AE of Tamiflu?

Answer 11

Well tolerated

• Nausea, vomiting
• Rare: serious skin reactions, neuropsych effects in young

Question 12

When using tamiflu you have to wait at least ____ hours before you receive LIAV?

Answer 12

48

Question 13

Hepatitis B TX

Answer 13

• not needed unless active liver disease
• often coinfected with Hep D and HIV
• Not very great options for tx. Interferon alpha is hard to tolerate.
• BEst option is prevention with vaccine.

Question 14

Hep C Tx

Answer 14

• Based on person’t genotype
• combination therapy to prevent resistance and increased likelihood of success
• Cure rate is 95-99%
• Cost: 75-100K for 3 months

Question 15

Hep C AE?

Answer 15

Nausea, fatigue, weakness. Watch Liver function tests

Question 16

Drug-Drug interactions include with HEP C Tx?

Answer 16

Antacids, lipid-lowering, anti-seizure, antiretroviral

Question 17

Acyclovir

Answer 17

DOC for HSV and VZV

-Used prophylactically and for tx

Question 18

Acyclovir MOA

Answer 18

• inhibits viral replication by suppressing synthesis of viral DNA (virus has to be able to activate the drug — HSV does this best)

Question 19

Acyclovir Routes

Answer 19

• Oral, topical, and IV (immunocomprimised)

Question 20

Is ayclovir is safe fro preganant people

Answer 20

yess

Question 21

AE for Acyclovir

Answer 21

• Well tolerated
  -GI distress, headache, vertgo
  IV: neprhotoxicity and phlebitis

Question 22

Admin Acyclovir

Answer 22

IV over 1 hour

- Oral 3-5x a day

Question 23

Valacyclovir

Answer 23

• Prodrug of acyclovir
• Bioavailability of valacyclovir increases dramatically to 55%
• Used for prophylaxis and tx
• Generally, once or 2x a day dosing

Question 24

Valacyclovir Risk

Answer 24

• TTP/HUS- rare but serious side immunocompromised patients

Question 25

Topical therapy for HSV

Answer 25

- Does not work as well as oral therapy | - Acyclovir, Peniclovir( Denavir), Docosanol (Abreva)

Question 26

Topical Therapy SE

Answer 26

- Stinging sensations Apply with finger cot or glove - Viral shedding and transmission

Question 27

CMV Infection

Answer 27

- Member of the herpes virus group - Direct contract with body fluids - 50-85% of Americans age 40 and older - Can remain dormant for life - Immunosuppressed patients at high risk for reactivation of dormant risk - CMV retinitis causes vision loss

Question 28

Ganciclovir/ Valganciclovir MOA

Answer 28

- Suppresses replication of viral DNA

Question 29

Valganciclovir is the prodrug of

Answer 29

Ganciclovir

Question 30

Valganciclovir is preferred over Ganciclovir

Answer 30

- due to higher bioavailability

Question 31

Uses of valganciclovir/ ganciclovir

Answer 31

for prevention and tx of CMV | - must take drug forever

Question 32

Serious AE of Valganciclovir/ ganciclovir

Answer 32

- Bone marrow suppression - Reproductive toxicity (don't take while pregnant or 90 days after pregnancy) - Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis

Question 33

Common AE: Valganciclovir/ gangciclovir

Answer 33

GI distress, fever, headache, (valganciclovir)

Question 34

Forms of Valganciclovir/ Ganciclovir

Answer 34

Oral, IV, Ocular implants, ocular gel (for HSV ocular)

Question 35

Admin time fro Valganciclovir/ Ganciclovir

Answer 35

over 1 hour for IV infusion